Kuipers Marije E, Nguyen D Linh, van Diepen Angela, Mes Lynn, Bos Erik, Koning Roman I, Nolte-'t Hoen Esther N M, Smits Hermelijn H, Hokke Cornelis H
Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Front Mol Biosci. 2023 Mar 15;10:1125438. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1125438. eCollection 2023.
Schistosomes can survive in mammalian hosts for many years, and this is facilitated by released parasite products that modulate the host's immune system. Many of these products are glycosylated and interact with host cells C-type lectin receptors (CLRs). We previously reported on specific fucose-containing glycans present on extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by schistosomula, the early juvenile life stage of the schistosome, and the interaction of these EVs with the C-type lectin receptor Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN or CD209). EVs are membrane vesicles with a size range between 30-1,000 nm that play a role in intercellular and interspecies communication. Here, we studied the glycosylation of EVs released by the adult schistosome worms. Mass spectrometric analysis showed that GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc (LacDiNAc or LDN) containing N-glycans were the dominant glycan type present on adult worm EVs. Using glycan-specific antibodies, we confirmed that EVs from adult worms were predominantly associated with LDN, while schistosomula EVs displayed a highly fucosylated glycan profile. In contrast to schistosomula EV that bind to DC-SIGN, adult worm EVs are recognized by macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL or CD301), and not by DC-SIGN, on CLR expressing cell lines. The different glycosylation profiles of adult worm- and schistosomula-derived EVs match with the characteristic glycan profiles of the corresponding life stages and support their distinct roles in schistosome life-stage specific interactions with the host.
血吸虫可在哺乳动物宿主体内存活多年,这得益于其释放的可调节宿主免疫系统的寄生虫产物。这些产物中有许多是糖基化的,并与宿主细胞的C型凝集素受体(CLRs)相互作用。我们之前报道过,血吸虫幼虫(血吸虫早期幼体阶段)释放的细胞外囊泡(EVs)上存在特定的含岩藻糖聚糖,以及这些EVs与C型凝集素受体树突状细胞特异性细胞间粘附分子3结合非整合素(DC-SIGN或CD209)的相互作用。EVs是大小在30 - 1000纳米之间的膜囊泡,在细胞间和种间通讯中发挥作用。在此,我们研究了成年血吸虫释放的EVs的糖基化情况。质谱分析表明,含有N - 聚糖的N - 乙酰半乳糖胺β1 - 4N - 乙酰葡糖胺(LacDiNAc或LDN)是成年虫EVs上存在的主要聚糖类型。使用聚糖特异性抗体,我们证实成年虫的EVs主要与LDN相关,而血吸虫幼虫的EVs则呈现出高度岩藻糖基化的聚糖谱。与结合DC - SIGN的血吸虫幼虫EVs不同,成年虫EVs在表达CLR的细胞系上被巨噬细胞半乳糖型凝集素(MGL或CD301)识别,而不被DC - SIGN识别。成年虫和血吸虫幼虫来源的EVs不同的糖基化谱与相应生命阶段的特征聚糖谱相匹配,并支持它们在血吸虫与宿主的生命阶段特异性相互作用中发挥不同的作用。