Hsieh H H, Bhatia S C, Andersen J M, Cheng S C
J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1986 Apr;6(2):101-2.
Obstructive asphyxia, also known as cafe coronary, has been linked to both medicated and nonmedicated psychiatric patients. An 18-month prospective audit of choking patients was conducted in a psychiatric hospital. Based upon all medications received in the 5 days preceding the event, mean daily chlorpromazine and atropine equivalent dosages were also calculated for age, sex, and diagnosis matched controls based upon all medications received during their entire hospital stay. Paired t-tests showed no significant differences between choking patients and their matched controls except that greater mean daily chlorpromazine equivalents were present in the severe choking subgroup. Computation of log odds of choking risk increases with interaction of increased mean doses of each drug type and age, and also with interaction of increased chlorpromazine equivalents and increased atropine equivalents. Patients receiving high dosages of drug(s) with antidopaminergic or anticholinergic activity are at greater risk of choking and should be monitored closely.
阻塞性窒息，也称为“咖啡冠心病”，与使用药物和未使用药物的精神科患者均有关联。一家精神病院对窒息患者进行了为期18个月的前瞻性审计。根据事件发生前5天所服用的所有药物，还根据年龄、性别和诊断匹配的对照组在整个住院期间所服用的所有药物，计算出氯丙嗪和阿托品等效日平均剂量。配对t检验显示，窒息患者与其匹配的对照组之间无显著差异，只是严重窒息亚组的氯丙嗪等效日平均剂量更高。窒息风险对数几率的计算随着每种药物类型平均剂量增加与年龄的相互作用而增加，也随着氯丙嗪等效剂量增加与阿托品等效剂量增加的相互作用而增加。接受高剂量具有抗多巴胺能或抗胆碱能活性药物的患者窒息风险更高，应密切监测。
