Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, University of Warsaw, Faculty of Biology, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases & Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2023 Mar 16;13:1161905. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1161905. eCollection 2023.
The epidemiological situation of tuberculosis (TB) in Poland urges for its continuous and scrupulous monitoring. The objective of this study was to explore the genetic diversity of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and drug-susceptible (DS) isolates from Poland with a combination of spoligotyping and high-resolution mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) analysis. The results were placed in the Northern and Eastern Europe context.
The study included 89 (39 MDR and 50 DS) isolates collected from as many patients between 2018 and 2021 in Poland. The analysis was done using spoligotyping, and MIRU-VNTR typing at 24 standard loci. The data were compared to those available on Poland and neighbors and global datasets.
The main identified families were Beijing (28.1%) and Haarlem (16.8%) while 34.8% of isolates were in the heterogeneous L4-unclassified group. Although the Beijing family was the most prevalent (61.5%) among MDR-TB cases, it accounted for only 2% of DS isolates. Among foreign-born patients, a higher ratio of MDR isolates were observed when compared with those who Poland-born (64.3% vs. 40%). Furthermore, all patients from the Former Soviet Union (FSU) countries were infected with MDR-TB.
Whereas DS population in Poland is dominated by L4 isolates, MDR isolates are mostly of the Beijing genotype. The rise in the prevalence of the Beijing isolates in Poland, coupled with high proportion of the Beijing genotype among foreign-born TB patients may reflect an ongoing transmission of this family, imported to Poland mainly from FSU countries.
波兰的结核病（TB）流行情况需要持续和细致的监测。本研究的目的是通过 spoligotyping 和高分辨率分枝杆菌间隔重复单元-可变数量串联重复（MIRU-VNTR）分析，探索来自波兰的耐多药（MDR）和敏感（DS）分离株的遗传多样性，并将结果置于北欧和东欧的背景下。
该研究纳入了 2018 年至 2021 年期间从波兰 89 名患者（39 名 MDR 和 50 名 DS）中收集的分离株。使用 spoligotyping 和 24 个标准位点的 MIRU-VNTR 分型进行分析。将数据与波兰及其邻国和全球数据集进行比较。
主要鉴定的家族是北京家族（28.1%）和 Haarlem 家族（16.8%），而 34.8%的分离株属于异质 L4 未分类组。虽然北京家族是 MDR-TB 病例中最常见的（61.5%），但它仅占 DS 分离株的 2%。在外国出生的患者中，MDR 分离株的比例高于波兰出生的患者（64.3%对 40%）。此外，所有来自前苏联（FSU）国家的患者均感染了 MDR-TB。
尽管波兰的 DS 人群主要由 L4 分离株主导，但 MDR 分离株主要为北京基因型。北京分离株在波兰的流行率上升，以及外国出生的结核病患者中北京基因型的比例较高，可能反映了该家族的持续传播，主要从 FSU 国家传入波兰。
