Borkowska-Tatar Dagmara, Zabost Anna, Kozińska Monika, Augustynowicz-Kopeć Ewa
Department of Microbiology, National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute, 01-138 Warsaw, Poland.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2022 Aug 3;12(8):1883. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics12081883.
The COVID-19 pandemic may have a negative impact on the proper implementation of TB control programmes and may increase TB incidence rates in the near future. The aim of this study was to perform an epidemiological and molecular analysis of strains cultured from tuberculosis patients in Poland in 2020 and to compare the results of monitoring drug-resistant tuberculosis in Poland with previous studies in 2012 and 2016. The analysis was based on questionnaires and strains sent by regional laboratories during the 12 months of 2020. Molecular analysis was performed by spoligotyping 20% of the strains sensitive to the four primary antimycobacterial drugs and all of the drug-resistant strains. The number of strains sent for analysis dropped threefold, from 4136 in 2012 to 1383 in 2020. The incidence of tuberculosis among men was higher than among women. There was an increase in strains' resistance to antimycobacterial drugs in both newly diagnosed patients, from 4.4% in 2012 to 6.1% in 2020, and previously treated patients, from 11.7% to 12.3%. Four-year resistance increased to 1% and 2.1%, respectively. The spoligotype SIT1 was the most abundant among the resistant strains (17%), and SIT53 (13.9%) was the most common among susceptible strains.
新冠疫情可能会对结核病控制项目的正确实施产生负面影响，并可能在不久的将来增加结核病发病率。本研究的目的是对2020年波兰结核病患者培养的菌株进行流行病学和分子分析，并将波兰耐多药结核病监测结果与2012年和2016年的先前研究进行比较。该分析基于2020年12个月期间各地区实验室发送的问卷和菌株。对20%对四种主要抗分枝杆菌药物敏感的菌株以及所有耐药菌株进行了间隔寡核苷酸分型（spoligotyping）分子分析。送检分析的菌株数量下降了两倍，从2012年的4136株降至2020年的1383株。男性结核病发病率高于女性。新诊断患者中对抗分枝杆菌药物的耐药菌株比例有所增加，从2012年的4.4%增至2020年的6.1%，既往治疗患者中则从11.7%增至12.3%。四年耐药率分别增至1%和2.1%。在耐药菌株中，间隔寡核苷酸分型（spoligotype）SIT1最为常见（17%），而在敏感菌株中，SIT53最为常见（13.9%）。
