Department of Chemistry, Damani Bhairuratan Fatechand, Dayanand College of Arts and Science, Solapur 413002, India.
School of Nanoscience and Technology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004, India.
ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2023 Apr 17;6(4):1339-1367. doi: 10.1021/acsabm.2c01016. Epub 2023 Apr 3.
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) based nanostructures are distinctive materials with unique compositional, structural, optical, and electronic properties with exceptional band structure, moderate surface area, and exceptional thermal and chemical stability. Because of these properties, g-CN based nanomaterials have shown promising applications and higher performance in the biological avenue. This review covers the state-of-the-art synthetic strategies used for the preparation of the materials, the basic structure, and a panorama of different optimization strategies leading to improved physicochemical properties responsible for the biological application. The following sections include the recent progress in the use of g-CN based nanobiomaterials for biosensors, bioimaging, photodynamic therapy, drug delivery, chemotherapy, and the antimicrobial segment. Furthermore, we have summarized the role and evaluation of biosafety and biocompatibility of the material. Finally, the unresolved issues, plausible challenges, current status, and future perspectives for the development and design of g-CN have been summarized and are expected to promote a clinical path for the medical sector and human well-being.
基于石墨相氮化碳（g-CN）的纳米结构是具有独特组成、结构、光学和电子特性的独特材料，具有特殊的能带结构、适中的比表面积以及出色的热稳定性和化学稳定性。由于这些特性，基于 g-CN 的纳米材料在生物领域表现出了有前景的应用和更高的性能。本综述涵盖了用于制备材料的最新合成策略、基本结构以及导致改善物理化学性质的各种优化策略的全景图，这些性质是生物应用的基础。以下各节包括基于 g-CN 的纳米生物材料在生物传感器、生物成像、光动力疗法、药物输送、化学疗法和抗菌领域的最新应用进展。此外，我们还总结了材料的生物安全性和生物相容性的作用和评估。最后，总结了 g-CN 的发展和设计中尚未解决的问题、可能的挑战、现状和未来展望，有望为医疗领域和人类福祉开辟临床途径。
