State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China.
State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2017 Mar 15;89(Pt 1):212-223. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.03.043. Epub 2016 Mar 18.
Two-dimensional graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (CNNSs) with planar graphene-like structure have stimulated increasingly research interest in recent years due to their unique physicochemical properties. CNNSs possess superior stability, high fluorescence quantum yield, low-toxicity, excellent biocompatibility, unique electroluminescent and photoelectrochemical properties, which make them appropriate candidates for biosensing. In this review, we first introduce the preparation and unique properties of CNNSs, with emphasis on their superior properties for biosensing. Then, recent advances of CNNSs in photoelectrochemical biosensing, electrochemiluminescence biosensing and fluorescence biosensing are highlighted. An additional attention is paid to the marriage of CNNSs and nucleic acids, which exhibits great potentials in both biosensing and intracellular imaging. Finally, current challenges and opportunities of this 2D material are outlined. Inspired by the unique properties of CNNSs and their advantages in biological applications, we expect that more attention will be drawn to this promising 2D material and extensive applications can be found in bioanalysis and diseases diagnosis.
二维石墨相氮化碳纳米片（CNNSs）具有类似石墨烯的平面结构，由于其独特的物理化学性质，近年来引起了越来越多的研究兴趣。CNNSs 具有优越的稳定性、高荧光量子产率、低毒性、优良的生物相容性、独特的电致发光和光电化学性质，使其成为生物传感的合适候选物。在这篇综述中，我们首先介绍了 CNNSs 的制备和独特性质，重点介绍了它们在生物传感方面的优越性质。然后，重点介绍了 CNNSs 在光电化学生物传感、电致化学发光生物传感和荧光生物传感方面的最新进展。此外，还关注了 CNNSs 与核酸的结合，这在生物传感和细胞内成像方面都具有很大的潜力。最后，概述了这种二维材料目前面临的挑战和机遇。受 CNNSs 独特性质及其在生物应用中的优势的启发，我们期望这种有前途的二维材料将受到更多关注，并在生物分析和疾病诊断中找到广泛的应用。
