Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Curr Drug Discov Technol. 2023;20(5):e030423215393. doi: 10.2174/1570163820666230403091841.
Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disease in the world that causes morbidity and mortality due to its association with metabolic diseases, especially in old age, and longterm treatment with levothyroxine causes many side effects for patients. Treatment with herbal medicine can regulate thyroid hormones and prevent side effects.
The purpose of this systematic review is the evaluation of the effect of herbal medicine on the signs and symptoms of primary hypothyroidism.
PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched until 4 May, 2021. We selected randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that have assessed the effect of herbal medicine on hypothyroidism.
Out of 771 articles, 4 trials with 186 participants were included. In one study, Nigella sativa L. caused a significant decrease in weight (P=0.004) and body mass index (BMI) (P=0.002). TSH levels were reported to be decreased and T3 increased in the treatment group (P =0.03) (P=0.008), respectively. In another study on Nigella sativa L., results did not show a significant difference between the two groups (p=0.02). A significant decrease in total cholesterol (CHL) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) was reported in participants with negative anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies. In patients with positive anti-TPO antibodies, a significant increase in total cholesterol and FBS was observed in the intervention group (p=0.02). In the third RCT, T3 in the ashwagandha group at 4 and 8 weeks significantly increased by 18.6% (p=0.012) and 41.5% (p < 0.001), respectively. A noticeable increase was found in the T4 level from baseline by 9.3% (p= 0.002) and 19.6% (p < 0.001) at 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. TSH levels fell remarkably in the intervention group compared to placebo at 4 weeks (p <0.001) and 8 weeks (p <0.001), respectively. In the last article selected, Mentha x Piperita L. showed no significant difference in fatigue scores between intervention and control groups at the midpoint (day 7), while fatigue scores improved in the intervention group in all subscales compared to the control group on day 14.
Some herbal remedies, including Nigella sativa L., ashwagandha, and Mentha x Piperita L., can improve the signs and symptoms of primary hypothyroidism, but using a more extensive and advanced methodology will provide us with more complete results.
甲状腺功能减退症是一种常见的内分泌疾病，由于其与代谢疾病的关联，尤其是在老年患者中，以及长期使用左甲状腺素治疗会导致许多患者出现副作用，因此会导致发病率和死亡率。草药治疗可以调节甲状腺激素并预防副作用。
本系统评价的目的是评估草药治疗原发性甲状腺功能减退症的体征和症状的效果。
截至 2021 年 5 月 4 日，我们检索了 PubMed、Embase、Google Scholar、Scopus 和 Cochrane 对照试验中心注册库，以评估草药治疗原发性甲状腺功能减退症的效果。我们选择了评估草药治疗甲状腺功能减退症效果的随机临床试验（RCT）。
在 771 篇文章中，有 4 项试验（共 186 名参与者）被纳入。在一项研究中，黑种草子显著降低了体重（P=0.004）和体重指数（BMI）（P=0.002）。治疗组 TSH 水平降低，T3 水平升高（P=0.03）（P=0.008）。在另一项关于黑种草子的研究中，两组之间的结果没有显著差异（p=0.02）。结果显示，对于抗甲状腺过氧化物酶（anti-TPO）抗体阴性的参与者，总胆固醇（CHL）和空腹血糖（FBS）显著降低。对于抗 TPO 抗体阳性的患者，干预组的总胆固醇和 FBS 显著升高（p=0.02）。在第三个 RCT 中，4 周和 8 周时， ashwagandha 组的 T3 分别显著增加了 18.6%（p=0.012）和 41.5%（p <0.001）。4 周和 8 周时，T4 水平从基线水平分别升高了 9.3%（p=0.002）和 19.6%（p <0.001）。与安慰剂相比，干预组在 4 周（p <0.001）和 8 周（p <0.001）时 TSH 水平显著下降。在最后一篇被选择的文章中，薄荷显示干预组和对照组在中点（第 7 天）的疲劳评分之间没有显著差异，而干预组在所有亚量表中的疲劳评分在第 14 天与对照组相比均有所改善。
一些草药疗法，包括黑种草子、 ashwagandha 和薄荷，可以改善原发性甲状腺功能减退症的体征和症状，但使用更广泛和先进的方法将为我们提供更完整的结果。
