College of Health Professions, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Fayetteville, AR, 72703, USA.
Office of Community Health and Research, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Springdale, AR, 72762, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Apr 3;23(1):631. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15468-3.
BACKGROUND: Marshallese and Hispanic communities in the United States have been disproportionately affected by COVID-19. Identifying strategies to reach late vaccine adopters is critical for ongoing and future vaccination efforts. We utilized a community-engaged approach that leveraged an existing community-based participatory research collaborative of an academic healthcare organization and Marshallese and Hispanic faith-based organizations (FBO) to host vaccination events. METHODS: Bilingual Marshallese and Hispanic study staff conducted informal interviews with 55 participants during the 15-minute post-vaccination observation period and formal semi-structured interviews with Marshallese (n = 5) and Hispanic (n = 4) adults post-event to assess the implementation of community vaccine events at FBOs, with a focus on factors associated with the decision to attend and be vaccinated. Formal interview transcripts were analyzed using thematic template coding categorized with the socio-ecological model (SEM). Informal interview notes were coded via rapid content analysis and used for data triangulation. RESULTS: Participants discussed similar factors influencing attitudes and behaviors toward receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. Themes included: (1) intrapersonal - myths and misconceptions, (2) interpersonal - protecting family and family decision-making, (3) community - trust of community location of events and influence of FBO members and leaders, (4) institutional - trust in a healthcare organization and bilingual staff, and (5) policy. Participants noted the advantages of vaccination delivery at FBOs, contributing to their decision to attend and get vaccinated. CONCLUSIONS: The following strategies may improve vaccine-related attitudes and behaviors of Marshallese and Hispanic communities not only for the COVID-19 vaccine but also for other preventive vaccinations: 1) interpersonal-level - develop culturally-focused vaccine campaigns targeting the family units, 2) community-level - host vaccination events at convenient and/or trusted locations, such as FBOs, and engage community and/or FBO formal or lay leaders as vaccine ambassadors or champions, and 3) institutional-level - foster trust and a long-term relationship with the healthcare organization and provide bilingual staff at vaccination events. Future research would be beneficial to investigate the effects of replicating these strategies to support vaccine uptake among Marshallese and Hispanic communities.
背景：在美国，马绍尔群岛和西班牙裔社区受到 COVID-19 的影响不成比例。确定接触后期疫苗接种者的策略对于正在进行和未来的疫苗接种工作至关重要。我们利用一种社区参与的方法，利用一个学术医疗保健组织和马绍尔群岛和西班牙裔信仰组织（FBO）的现有基于社区的参与式研究合作，举办疫苗接种活动。
方法：双语马绍尔群岛和西班牙裔研究人员在接种疫苗后 15 分钟的观察期内对 55 名参与者进行了非正式访谈，并在活动后对马绍尔群岛（n=5）和西班牙裔（n=4）成年人进行了正式半结构化访谈，以评估在 FBO 举办社区疫苗活动的实施情况，重点是与参加和接种疫苗决定相关的因素。使用主题模板编码对正式访谈记录进行分析，并归类于社会生态模型（SEM）。对非正式访谈记录进行快速内容分析并进行编码，用于数据三角测量。
结果：参与者讨论了影响他们对 COVID-19 疫苗接种态度和行为的类似因素。主题包括：（1）个体内部 - 神话和误解，（2）人际 - 保护家人和家庭决策，（3）社区 - 对社区活动地点的信任和 FBO 成员和领导者的影响，（4）机构 - 对医疗保健组织和双语工作人员的信任，以及（5）政策。参与者指出了在 FBO 提供疫苗接种的优势，这促使他们决定参加并接种疫苗。
结论：以下策略可能会改善马绍尔群岛和西班牙裔社区的疫苗相关态度和行为，不仅针对 COVID-19 疫苗，还针对其他预防疫苗：1）人际层面 - 针对家庭单位开展以文化为重点的疫苗宣传活动，2）社区层面 - 在方便和/或值得信赖的地点，如 FBO，举办疫苗接种活动，并让社区和/或 FBO 的正式或非官方领导担任疫苗大使或冠军，3）机构层面 - 与医疗保健组织建立信任和长期关系，并在疫苗接种活动中提供双语工作人员。未来的研究将有助于调查复制这些策略以支持马绍尔群岛和西班牙裔社区疫苗接种的效果。
Zotero 插件