Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina.
Department of Animal Health, NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Bizkaia, P812, 48160, Derio, Spain.
Parasitol Res. 2023 Jun;122(6):1261-1269. doi: 10.1007/s00436-023-07825-3. Epub 2023 Apr 4.
The genus Spirocerca includes nematodes that parasitize the stomach and the oesophagus of carnivores, chiefly canids. Herein, we provide new data about the morphological, histopathological, and molecular characterization of Spirocerca sp. in Andean foxes (Lycalopex culpaeus) in Chile. Intact immature worms, identified as Spirocerca sp., were recovered in the lumen of the stomach from two foxes. Histologically, worms morphologically consistent with spirurid nematodes were present within the wall of the stomach and surrounded by nodular areas of inflammation with central necrotic debris. Molecular analysis of the cox1 gene yielded 19 sequences and 5 nucleotide sequence types with 99.95 to 99.98% similarity, being shared between both foxes. Nucleotide similarity ranged from 93.1 (with genotype 2 of S. lupi and S. vulpis) to 95.8% (with genotype 1 of S. lupi), a higher similarity than noted from sequences of S. lupi from an Andean fox from Peru (91.0 to 93.3%). However, the Poisson Tree Processes for species delineation did not support the existence of a new species Spirocerca. Phylogenetic and nucleotide analyses suggest that these specimens belong to a new variant or genotype of S. lupi or to a cryptic species. Whether the presence of the worms in the stomach has to do with genotypic differences in parasites or host or some combination is uncertain. Spirocerca lupi has never been found in Chilean dogs and must be investigated.
该属旋毛虫包括寄生在肉食动物的胃和食道的线虫，主要是犬科动物。在此，我们提供了智利安第斯狐（Lycalopex culpaeus）中旋毛虫属（Spirocerca）的形态学、组织病理学和分子特征的新数据。从两只狐狸的胃腔中回收了未受损的不成熟蠕虫，鉴定为旋毛虫属。组织学上，在胃壁内存在形态上与旋毛虫线虫一致的蠕虫，周围是结节状炎症区，中央有坏死碎片。cox1 基因的分子分析产生了 19 个序列和 5 个核苷酸序列类型，相似度为 99.95%至 99.98%，在两只狐狸之间共享。核苷酸相似度范围从 93.1%（与 S. lupi 和 S. vulpis 的基因型 2）到 95.8%（与 S. lupi 的基因型 1），与来自秘鲁安第斯狐的 S. lupi 序列的相似度更高（91.0%至 93.3%）。然而，用于物种划定的泊松树过程并不支持存在新的旋毛虫种。系统发育和核苷酸分析表明，这些标本属于 S. lupi 的新变体或基因型或隐种。这些蠕虫在胃中的存在是与寄生虫或宿主的基因型差异有关，还是与某些组合有关尚不确定。在智利犬中从未发现过 S. lupi，必须进行调查。
