Harris M J, Rosenthal R
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986 Feb;50(2):362-9. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.50.2.362.
Seventy-eight students enrolled in summer-session college courses were randomly assigned to serve either as counselors or as clients for a 20-min, role-played peer counseling session. All of the subjects completed a battery of standardized personality measures. Each counselor interacted with two clients. Prior to the sessions, the counselor was led to believe that one of the clients was especially introverted and that the other client was especially extraverted. Dependent measures were based on clients' change scores on a mood adjective rating scale administered before and after the peer counseling sessions. Analyses showed that counselors who were more successful at biasing their clients in the direction of their expectancies (a) scored higher on measures of Dogmatism, Nurturance, and Social Recognition, (b) scored lower on Impulsivity, and (c) were more likely to be women. Clients who were more susceptible to counselor bias scored higher on the Self-Monitoring Scale, the Self-Monitoring Other-Directedness subscale, and Social Recognition. These results are discussed in light of previous research and their implications for research on interpersonal expectancy effects.
78名参加夏季学期大学课程的学生被随机分配，在一场20分钟的角色扮演同伴辅导课程中担任辅导员或来访者。所有受试者都完成了一系列标准化的人格测试。每位辅导员与两名来访者互动。在课程开始前，辅导员被引导相信其中一名来访者特别内向，另一名来访者特别外向。因变量基于同伴辅导课程前后进行的情绪形容词评定量表上来访者的变化分数。分析表明，在使来访者朝着自己预期的方向偏向方面更成功的辅导员：（a）在教条主义、养育性和社会认可度测试中得分更高；（b）在冲动性测试中得分更低；（c）更有可能是女性。更容易受到辅导员偏向影响的来访者在自我监控量表、自我监控他人导向子量表和社会认可度上得分更高。根据先前的研究对这些结果进行了讨论，以及它们对人际预期效应研究的启示。
