Department of Biochemistry, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Commun Biol. 2023 Apr 4;6(1):370. doi: 10.1038/s42003-023-04614-7.
Tissue clearing combined with deep imaging has emerged as a powerful technology to expand classical histological techniques. Current techniques have been optimized for imaging sparsely pigmented organs such as the mammalian brain. In contrast, melanin-rich pigmented tissue, of great interest in the investigation of melanomas, remains challenging. To address this challenge, we have developed a CRISPR-based gene editing approach that is easily incorporated into existing tissue-clearing workflows such the PACT clearing method. We term this method CRISPR-Clear. We demonstrate its applicability to highly melanin-rich B16-derived solid tumors, including one made transgenic for HER2, constituting one of very few syngeneic mouse tumors that can be used in immunocompetent models. We demonstrate the utility in detailed tumor characterization by staining for targeting antibodies and nanoparticles, as well as expressed fluorescent proteins. With CRISPR-Clear we have unprecedented access to optical interrogation in considerable portions of intact melanoma tissue for stained surface markers, expressed fluorescent proteins, of subcellular compartments, and of the vasculature.
组织透明化结合深度成像已成为扩展经典组织学技术的强大技术。目前的技术已经针对成像稀疏色素器官(如哺乳动物大脑)进行了优化。相比之下,富含黑色素的色素组织对于黑色素瘤的研究非常重要,但仍然具有挑战性。为了解决这一挑战,我们开发了一种基于 CRISPR 的基因编辑方法,该方法易于整合到现有的组织透明化工作流程中,如 PACT 透明化方法。我们将这种方法称为 CRISPR-Clear。我们证明了它在高度富含黑色素的 B16 衍生固体肿瘤中的适用性,包括一个用于 HER2 转基因的肿瘤,这是少数可以在免疫功能正常的模型中使用的同基因小鼠肿瘤之一。我们通过对靶向抗体和纳米颗粒以及表达荧光蛋白进行染色,证明了其在详细的肿瘤特征描述中的实用性。通过 CRISPR-Clear,我们可以以前所未有的方式对完整黑色素瘤组织的染色表面标志物、表达的荧光蛋白、亚细胞区室和脉管系统进行光学检测。