Department of Cytology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Greifswald, Zoological Institute and Museum, Greifswald, Germany.
J Comp Neurol. 2023 Jul;531(10):1032-1056. doi: 10.1002/cne.25479. Epub 2023 Apr 5.
In mandibulate arthropods, the primary olfactory centers, termed olfactory lobes in crustaceans, are typically organized in distinct fields of dense synaptic neuropils called olfactory glomeruli. In addition to olfactory sensory neuron terminals and their postsynaptic efferents, the glomeruli are innervated by diverse neurochemically distinctive interneurons. The functional morphology of the olfactory glomeruli is understudied in crustaceans compared with insects and even less well understood and described in a particular crustacean subgroup, the Peracarida, which embrace, for example, Amphipoda and Isopoda. Using immunohistochemistry combined with confocal laser scanning microscopy, we analyzed the neurochemistry of the olfactory pathway in the amphipod Parhyale hawaiensis. We localized the biogenic amines serotonin and histamine as well as the neuropeptides RFamide, allatostatin, orcokinin, and SIFamide. As for other classical neurotransmitters, we stained for γ-aminobutyric acid and glutamate decarboxylase and used choline acetyltransferase as indicator for acetylcholine. Our study is another step in understanding principles of olfactory processing in crustaceans and can serve as a basis for understanding evolutionary transformations of crustacean olfactory systems.
在有颚节肢动物中，主要的嗅觉中枢，在甲壳动物中称为嗅觉叶，通常组织在称为嗅觉小球的密集突触神经丛的不同区域中。除了嗅觉感觉神经元末梢及其突触后传出纤维外，小球还由不同神经化学特征的中间神经元支配。与昆虫相比，甲壳动物的嗅觉小球的功能形态研究较少，在甲壳动物的一个特定亚群，即端足目甲壳动物中，甚至更少被理解和描述，端足目甲壳动物包括例如，端足目和等足目。使用免疫组织化学结合共聚焦激光扫描显微镜，我们分析了夏威夷片脚类动物 Parhyale hawaiensis 的嗅觉通路的神经化学。我们定位了生物胺血清素和组胺以及神经肽 RFamide、allatostatin、章鱼胺和 SIFamide。至于其他经典神经递质，我们对γ-氨基丁酸和谷氨酸脱羧酶进行了染色，并使用胆碱乙酰转移酶作为乙酰胆碱的指示剂。我们的研究是了解甲壳动物嗅觉处理原理的又一步，可以作为理解甲壳动物嗅觉系统进化转变的基础。
