Millman L S Merritt, Hunter Elaine C M, Terhune Devin B, Orgs Guido
Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, 8 Lewisham Way, New Cross, London, SE14 6NW, UK; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosience, King's College London, 16 de Crespingy Park, London, SE5 8AB, UK.
Department of Psychiatry, University College London, 6/F Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Rd, Fitzrovia, London, W1T 7NF, UK.
Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2023 May;51:101749. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2023.101749. Epub 2023 Mar 30.
Depersonalization-derealization disorder (DDD) is a dissociative disorder encompassing pronounced disconnections from the self and from external reality. As DDD is inherently tied to a detachment from the body, dance/movement therapy could provide an innovative treatment approach.
We developed two online dance tasks to reduce detachment either by training body awareness (BA task) or enhancing the salience of bodily signals through dance exercise (DE task). Individuals with DDD (n = 31) and healthy controls (n = 29) performed both tasks individually in a cross-over design. We assessed symptom severity (Cambridge Depersonalization Scale), interoceptive awareness (Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness - II), mindfulness (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire), and body vigilance (Body Vigilance Scale) before, during and after the tasks.
At baseline, individuals with DDD exhibited elevated depersonalization-derealization symptoms alongside lower levels of interoceptive awareness and mindfulness compared to controls. Both tasks reduced symptoms in the DDD group, though dance exercise was perceived as easier. The DE task increased mindfulness in those with DDD more than the BA task, whereas controls showed the opposite pattern. In the DDD group, within-subject correlations showed that lower levels of symptoms were associated with task-specific elevations in interoceptive awareness and mindfulness.
Individual and structured dance/movement practice, performed at home without an instructor present, offers an effective tool to reduce symptoms in DDD and can be tailored to address specific cognitive components of a mindful engagement with the body.
人格解体-现实解体障碍（DDD）是一种解离性障碍，其特征是与自我和外部现实存在明显的脱节。由于DDD本质上与身体脱离有关，舞蹈/运动疗法可能提供一种创新的治疗方法。
我们开发了两项在线舞蹈任务，一项是通过训练身体意识（BA任务）来减少脱节，另一项是通过舞蹈练习增强身体信号的显著性（DE任务）。DDD患者（n = 31）和健康对照者（n = 29）以交叉设计分别完成这两项任务。我们在任务前、任务期间和任务后评估了症状严重程度（剑桥人格解体量表）、内感受觉知（内感受觉知多维评估-II）、正念（五因素正念问卷）和身体警觉性（身体警觉性量表）。
在基线时，与对照组相比，DDD患者表现出更高的人格解体-现实解体症状，同时内感受觉知和正念水平较低。两项任务都减轻了DDD组的症状，不过舞蹈练习被认为更容易。DE任务比BA任务更能提高DDD患者的正念，而对照组则呈现相反的模式。在DDD组中，受试者内相关性表明较低的症状水平与内感受觉知和正念的任务特异性提高有关。
在没有指导员在场的情况下在家中进行的个体和结构化舞蹈/运动练习，为减轻DDD症状提供了一种有效的工具，并且可以进行调整以解决与身体正念参与相关的特定认知成分。
