Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, 8 Lewisham Way, New Cross, London SE14 6NW, United Kingdom.
Institute of Mental Health, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Rd, Fitzrovia, London W1T 7BN, United Kingdom.
Psychiatry Res. 2022 Sep;315:114730. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114730. Epub 2022 Jul 17.
The dissociative disorders and germane conditions are reliably characterized by elevated responsiveness to direct verbal suggestions. However, it remains unclear whether atypical responsiveness to suggestion is similarly present in depersonalization-derealization disorder (DDD). 55 DDD patients and 36 healthy controls completed a standardised behavioural measure of direct verbal suggestibility that includes a correction for compliant responding (BSS-C), and psychometric measures of depersonalization-derealization (CDS), mindfulness (FFMQ), imagery vividness (VVIQ), and anxiety (GAD-7). Relative to controls, patients did not exhibit elevated suggestibility (g = 0.26, BF = .11) but displayed significantly lower mindfulness (g = 1.38), and imagery vividness (g = 0.63), and significantly greater anxiety (g = 1.39). Although suggestibility did not correlate with severity of depersonalization-derealization symptoms in controls, r = -.03 [95% CI: -.36, .30], there was a weak tendency for a positive association in patients, r = .25, [95% CI: -.03, .48]. Exploratory analyses revealed that patients with more severe anomalous bodily experiences were also more responsive to suggestion, an effect not seen in controls. This study demonstrates that DDD is not characterized by elevated responsiveness to direct verbal suggestions. These results have implications for the aetiology and treatment of this condition, as well as its classification as a dissociative disorder in psychiatric nosology.
分离障碍及相关病症的特征为对直接言语暗示的反应高度敏感。然而，去人格化-现实解体障碍（DDD）患者是否也存在非典型的暗示反应尚不清楚。55 名 DDD 患者和 36 名健康对照者完成了一项标准的直接言语暗示易感性行为测量，其中包括对顺从反应的校正（BSS-C），以及去人格化-现实解体（CDS）、正念（FFMQ）、表象生动度（VVIQ）和焦虑（GAD-7）的心理测量。与对照组相比，患者并未表现出更高的暗示易感性（g=0.26，BF=0.11），但表现出明显较低的正念（g=1.38）和表象生动度（g=0.63），以及明显更高的焦虑（g=1.39）。尽管在对照组中，暗示易感性与去人格化-现实解体症状的严重程度无关，r=-0.03[95%CI：-0.36，0.30]，但在患者中存在微弱的正相关趋势，r=0.25[95%CI：-0.03，0.48]。探索性分析表明，躯体感觉异常严重的患者对暗示的反应也更强，而对照组中则没有这种现象。本研究表明，DDD 并不以对直接言语暗示的高反应性为特征。这些结果对该病症的病因学和治疗以及其在精神病学分类学中作为分离障碍的分类具有重要意义。
