School of Dentistry, Federal University of Amazonas, Avenida Ministro Waldemar Pedrosa, 1539, Bairro Praça 14, Manaus, Amazonas CEP 69.025-005, Brazil.
Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Agder, Universitetsveien 25, Kristiansand 4630, Norway.
J Dent. 2023 Jun;133:104504. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104504. Epub 2023 Apr 3.
This study examines the relationships between socio-economic status, psychosocial factors, health-related behaviours and the incidence of dental caries amongst 12-year-old schoolchildren living in deprived communities in Manaus, Brazil.
A longitudinal study involving 312 children aged 12 years was conducted in the city of Manaus, Brazil. Baseline data including socio-economic status (number of goods, household overcrowding, parents' schooling, family income), psychosocial factors (sense of coherence [SOC-13], social support [Social Support Appraisals questionnaire]) and health-related behaviours (frequency of toothbrushing, sugar consumption, sedentary behaviour) were collected through structured questionnaires. The number of decayed teeth was clinically assessed at baseline and one-year follow-up. A hypothesised model evaluating the direct and indirect pathways between the variables was tested using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling.
The incidence of dental caries at the one-year follow-up was 25.6%. Sugar consumption (β = 0.103) and sedentary behaviour (β = 0.102) directly predicted the incidence of dental caries. A higher socio-economic status was directly linked with lower sugar consumption (β = -0.243) and higher sedentary behaviour (β = 0.227). Higher social support directly predicted lower sugar consumption (β = -0.114). Lower socio-economic status (β = -0.046) and lower social support (β = -0.026) indirectly predicted the incidence of dental caries via sugar consumption and sedentary behaviour.
In the population studied, sugar consumption and sedentary behaviour are meaningful predictors of the incidence of dental caries amongst schoolchildren living in deprived communities. Indirect pathways of lower socio-economic status and low social support with dental caries incidence via sugar consumption and sedentary behaviour were detected. These findings should be considered in oral interventions and oral health care policies to prevent dental caries amongst children living in deprivation.
Social conditions, social support, sedentary behaviour and sugar consumption directly influence dental caries in children.
本研究考察了社会经济地位、心理社会因素、健康相关行为与巴西马瑙斯贫困社区 12 岁学龄儿童龋齿发病之间的关系。
在巴西马瑙斯市进行了一项涉及 312 名 12 岁儿童的纵向研究。通过结构化问卷收集基线数据，包括社会经济地位（物品数量、家庭拥挤程度、父母受教育程度、家庭收入）、心理社会因素（应对感量表 [SOC-13]、社会支持评估问卷）和健康相关行为（刷牙频率、糖摄入量、久坐行为）。在基线和一年随访时，通过临床评估评估龋齿的数量。使用验证性因子分析和结构方程模型测试了评估变量之间直接和间接途径的假设模型。
在一年随访时，龋齿的发病率为 25.6%。糖摄入量（β=0.103）和久坐行为（β=0.102）直接预测龋齿的发生。较高的社会经济地位与较低的糖摄入量（β=-0.243）和较高的久坐行为（β=0.227）直接相关。较高的社会支持直接预测较低的糖摄入量（β=-0.114）。较低的社会经济地位（β=-0.046）和较低的社会支持（β=-0.026）通过糖摄入量和久坐行为间接预测龋齿的发生。
在所研究的人群中，糖摄入量和久坐行为是贫困社区学龄儿童龋齿发病的重要预测因素。检测到较低社会经济地位和较低社会支持与龋齿发病率通过糖摄入和久坐行为的间接途径。这些发现应在口腔干预和口腔保健政策中考虑，以预防贫困儿童的龋齿。
社会条件、社会支持、久坐行为和糖摄入直接影响儿童的龋齿。
