Argonaute 蛋白赋予所有生命领域的免疫性。

Argonaute proteins confer immunity in all domains of life.

机构信息

Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Curr Opin Microbiol. 2023 Aug;74:102313. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2023.102313. Epub 2023 Apr 4.

DOI:10.1016/j.mib.2023.102313

Abstract

Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes (archaea and bacteria) encode an arsenal of immune systems that protect the host against mobile genetic elements (MGEs) including viruses, plasmids, and transposons. Whereas Argonaute proteins (Agos) are best known for post-transcriptional gene silencing in eukaryotes, in all domains of life, members from the highly diverse Argonaute protein family act as programmable immune systems. To this end, Agos are programmed with small single-stranded RNA or DNA guides to detect and silence complementary MGEs. Across and within the different domains of life, Agos function in distinct pathways and MGE detection can trigger various mechanisms that provide immunity. In this review, we delineate the diverse immune pathways and underlying mechanisms for both eukaryotic Argonautes (eAgos) and prokaryotic Argonautes (pAgos).

摘要

真核生物和原核生物（古菌和细菌）都编码了一系列免疫系统，以保护宿主免受可移动遗传元件（MGE）的侵害，包括病毒、质粒和转座子。Argonaute 蛋白（Agos）在真核生物中最为人所知的是转录后基因沉默，而在所有生命领域中，高度多样化的 Argonaute 蛋白家族的成员都充当可编程免疫系统。为此，Agos 被编程为具有小的单链 RNA 或 DNA 向导，以检测和沉默互补的 MGE。在不同的生命领域中，Agos 发挥着不同的作用，MGE 的检测可以触发提供免疫的各种机制。在这篇综述中，我们描述了真核 Argonautes（eAgos）和原核 Argonautes（pAgos）的不同免疫途径和潜在机制。