Tesfaye Deressa, Mendesil Esayas, Keneni Gemechu
Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella, P. O. Box 489 Ethiopia.
Department of Horticulture & Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, P. O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2023 Mar 25;9(4):e14913. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14913. eCollection 2023 Apr.
Adzuki bean beetle, (L.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), is one of the most important pests of pea ( L.) crops in Ethiopia. The study focused on the association of resistance potential in the no-choice test of pea genotypes managed at different fertility levels and trait contributions. Based on the significance of fertility levels, genotypes were grouped into four, six, and five clusters, viz. Under neither rhizobium and phosphorus, rhizobium alone and rhizobium and phosphorus, respectively. Regardless of fertility levels, the inter-cluster distance (D) values of the two potential clusters were highly significant (P < 0.01). At all fertility levels, the average performance of genotypes in each cluster for individual traits to infestation varied significantly. Genotype distribution patterns tended to group together into a small number of clusters. Eighty genotypes of the pea ( L. subsp. s and L. subsp. a A. Braun) were systematically managed under three fertility levels, and the first four principal components accounted for 94%, 92.3%, and 94.2% of the total variation. The primary trait that determines the resistance potential of pea genotypes is the trait susceptibility index (SI), which exhibits highly significant and adverse associations with critical traits such as the date of adult emergency and the percentage of seed coat, while exhibiting highly significant and favorable associations with the remaining traits at all fertility levels. The remaining characteristics showed highly significant positive or negative correlations within and particularly with the characteristics that determine resistance. Therefore, the cultivar "Adi" from " L. subsp. s" had higher susceptibility compared to other genotypes, while the small-seeded pea genotypes " L. subsp. a A. Braun"; fpcoll-1/07, fpcoll-2/07, fpcoll-21/07, and fpcoll-43/07 were moderately resistant.
小豆象（Callosobruchus chinensis (L.)，鞘翅目：豆象科）是埃塞俄比亚豌豆（Pisum sativum L.）作物最重要的害虫之一。该研究聚焦于不同肥力水平下管理的豌豆基因型在无选择试验中的抗性潜力关联及性状贡献。基于肥力水平的显著性，基因型分别被分为四个、六个和五个聚类，即分别在无根瘤菌和磷、仅根瘤菌以及根瘤菌和磷的条件下。无论肥力水平如何，两个潜在聚类的类间距离（D）值都极显著（P < 0.01）。在所有肥力水平下，各聚类中基因型对侵染的各个性状的平均表现差异显著。基因型分布模式倾向于聚集成少数几个聚类。八十个豌豆（Pisum sativum L. 亚种sativum和Pisum sativum L. 亚种arvense A. Braun）基因型在三种肥力水平下进行系统管理，前四个主成分分别占总变异的94%、92.3%和94.2%。决定豌豆基因型抗性潜力的主要性状是性状易感性指数（SI），它与成虫出现日期和种皮百分比等关键性状呈现极显著的负相关，而在所有肥力水平下与其余性状呈现极显著的正相关。其余性状在内部以及特别是与决定抗性的性状之间表现出极显著的正相关或负相关。因此，来自“Pisum sativum L. 亚种sativum”的品种“Adi”相比其他基因型具有更高的易感性，而小粒豌豆基因型“Pisum sativum L. 亚种arvense A. Braun”；fpcoll - 1/07、fpcoll - 2/07、fpcoll - 21/07和fpcoll - 43/07具有中等抗性。
