Pharmacy Practice, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Pharmacy, 4209 State Rt 44, Rootstown, OH, United States.
Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Pharmacy, 4209 State Rt 44, Rootstown, OH, United States.
Curr Pharm Teach Learn. 2023 Mar;15(3):319-326. doi: 10.1016/j.cptl.2023.03.014. Epub 2023 Apr 6.
Pharmacists trained in veterinary pharmacy play important roles in community, hospital, academic, and industry settings. To date, there is limited available veterinary pharmacy education within Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) curricula. The objectives of this scoping review are to 1) assess available literature on veterinary pharmacy education with United States (US) schools and colleges of pharmacy and 2) identify gaps in which additional research in this area would benefit pharmacy educators and students.
A comprehensive literature search was conducted across four databases. Authors screened studies against relevant inclusion and exclusion criteria using a two-stage screening process.
Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Nine studies described veterinary pharmacy elective courses, three articles described related educational activities, and four articles focused on experiential education. Within the elective courses, the primary method of content delivery was via didactic lecture, but various active learning strategies were also employed, including live animal encounters and trips to compounding pharmacies and humane societies. Various assessment methods were used, and studies undertook Kirkpatrick level 1 and 2 evaluations.
Little literature describes or evaluates veterinary pharmacy education within US schools and colleges of pharmacy. Future research may investigate additional ways in which institutions teach and assess this content, especially pertaining to interprofessional and experiential education. Research determining which skills pertaining to veterinary pharmacy should be assessed and how those assessments should occur would also be beneficial.
接受过兽医药学培训的药剂师在社区、医院、学术和工业环境中发挥着重要作用。迄今为止，药学博士（PharmD）课程中兽医药学教育的资源有限。本次范围综述的目的是 1）评估美国（美国）药学院校兽医药学教育的现有文献，2）确定该领域进一步研究的空白，使药学教育者和学生受益。
对四个数据库进行了全面的文献检索。作者采用两步筛选过程，根据相关纳入和排除标准筛选研究。
符合纳入标准的研究有 16 项。9 项研究描述了兽医药学选修课程，3 篇文章描述了相关教育活动，4 篇文章专注于体验式教育。在选修课程中，主要的内容传授方法是通过讲授式教学，但也采用了各种主动学习策略，包括活体动物接触和前往配药和慈善协会的实地考察。使用了各种评估方法，并且研究进行了柯克帕特里克水平 1 和 2 的评估。
在美国药学院校中，很少有文献描述或评估兽医药学教育。未来的研究可能会调查机构教授和评估这些内容的其他方法，特别是关于跨专业和体验式教育的方法。确定应评估哪些与兽医药学相关的技能以及如何进行这些评估的研究也将是有益的。
