Laboratory of Micromolecular Biochemistry of Microorganisms (LaBioMMi), Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of São Carlos, Via Washington Luiz, Km 235, P.O. Box 676, São Carlos, SP, 13.565-905, Brazil.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2023 Apr 8;39(6):152. doi: 10.1007/s11274-023-03590-8.
Anthropogenic activities have been increasing Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) release, promoting an urgent need for decontamination methods. Therefore, anthracene biodegradation by endophytic, extremophilic, and entomophilic fungi was studied. Moreover, a salting-out extraction methodology with the renewable solvent ethanol and the innocuous salt KHPO was employed. Nine of the ten employed strains biodegraded anthracene in liquid medium (19-56% biodegradation) after 14 days at 30 °C, 130 rpm, and 100 mg L. The most efficient strain Didymellaceae sp. LaBioMMi 155, an entomophilic strain, was employed for optimized biodegradation, aiming at a better understanding of how factors like pollutant initial concentration, pH, and temperature affected this process. Biodegradation reached 90 ± 11% at 22 °C, pH 9.0, and 50 mg L. Futhermore, 8 different PAHs were biodegraded and metabolites were identified. Then, experiments with anthracene in soil ex situ were performed and bioaugmentation with Didymellaceae sp. LaBioMMi 155 presented better results than natural attenuation by the native microbiome and biostimulation by the addition of liquid nutrient medium into soil. Therefore, an expanded knowledge about PAHs biodegradation processes was achieved with emphasis to the action of Didymellaceae sp. LaBioMMi 155, which can be further employed for in situ biodegradation (after strain security test), or for enzyme identification and isolation aiming at oxygenases with optimal activity under alkaline conditions.
人为活动增加了多环芳烃（PAHs）的释放，促使人们迫切需要开发污染治理方法。因此，本研究对内生、极端和嗜虫真菌的蒽生物降解进行了研究。此外，还采用了一种用可再生溶剂乙醇和无毒盐 KHPO 进行盐析提取的方法。在所使用的 10 株菌中，有 9 株在 30°C、130rpm 和 100mg/L 条件下，14 天后在液体培养基中可降解蒽（19-56%的降解率）。最有效的菌株是嗜虫真菌 Didymellaceae sp. LaBioMMi 155，用于优化生物降解，以更好地了解污染物初始浓度、pH 值和温度等因素如何影响这一过程。在 22°C、pH 值为 9.0 和 50mg/L 的条件下，生物降解率达到 90±11%。此外，还降解了 8 种不同的 PAHs，并鉴定了代谢产物。然后，在土壤原位进行了蒽的实验，并对 Didymellaceae sp. LaBioMMi 155 进行了生物强化，其效果优于自然衰减和添加液体营养培养基进行生物刺激。因此，本研究扩展了对 PAHs 生物降解过程的认识，重点研究了 Didymellaceae sp. LaBioMMi 155 的作用，该菌可进一步用于原位生物降解（在进行菌株安全性测试后），或用于酶的鉴定和分离，以获得在碱性条件下具有最佳活性的加氧酶。
