Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan.
Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan.
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2023 Jul;77(7):393-400. doi: 10.1111/pcn.13553. Epub 2023 Apr 24.
Eye movements and cognitive functions are significantly impaired in patients with schizophrenia. The authors aimed to develop promising clinical diagnostic markers that fit practical digital health applications in psychiatry using eye movement and cognitive function data from 1254 healthy individuals and 336 patients with schizophrenia.
Multivariate analyses using logistic regression were performed to confirm net performance of eye movements and cognitive functions scored using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Third Edition, and Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised. The authors then examined the discrimination performance of pairs containing an eye movement and a cognitive function measure to search the pairs that would be effective in practical application for the discrimination according to the diagnostic criterion between the groups.
Multivariate analyses confirmed that eye movements and cognitive functions were effective modalities for discriminating between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. The discriminant analyses of the pairs demonstrated that seven eye movement measures and seven scores from cognitive function tests showed high discrimination performance when paired with one measure from the other modality. Moreover, seven pairs of digit-symbol coding or symbol-search and eye movement measures had high and robust discrimination performance.
Seven pairs of an eye movement and a cognitive function measure were effective, robust, and less time-consuming in assisting with clinical diagnosis by categorizing healthy individuals or patients with schizophrenia. These findings may help develop an objective auxiliary diagnosis method working even on portable devices, which facilitates the consistency of diagnosis, earlier intervention, and shared decision-making.
精神分裂症患者的眼球运动和认知功能明显受损。作者旨在使用来自 1254 名健康个体和 336 名精神分裂症患者的眼球运动和认知功能数据，开发有前途的适合实用数字健康应用的临床诊断标志物。
使用逻辑回归进行多元分析，以确认使用韦氏成人智力量表第三版和韦氏记忆量表修订版评分的眼球运动和认知功能的净表现。然后，作者检查了包含眼球运动和认知功能测量的配对的区分性能，以搜索根据组之间的诊断标准在实际应用中有效的配对。
多元分析证实，眼球运动和认知功能是区分精神分裂症患者和健康对照者的有效方式。对配对的判别分析表明，当与另一种方式的一种测量配对时，七种眼球运动测量和七种认知功能测试的分数表现出高的判别性能。此外，数字符号编码或符号搜索和眼球运动测量的七对具有高且稳健的判别性能。
七种眼球运动和认知功能测量的配对在通过分类健康个体或精神分裂症患者来协助临床诊断方面是有效、稳健且耗时更少的。这些发现可能有助于开发一种客观的辅助诊断方法，即使在便携式设备上也能工作，从而促进诊断的一致性、早期干预和共同决策。
