Radhakrishnan Priya Jyothishmathy, Raghunath Sreelakshmi Pallipurath, Mohan Devi, Rajan Reeja, Iype Thomas
Government College of Nursing, Govt. Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
ICMR- National Institute of Virology, Microbial Containment Complex, 130/1, Sus Road, Pashan, Pune (Current), Govt. Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2023 Jan-Feb;26(1):44-53. doi: 10.4103/aian.aian_695_22. Epub 2023 Jan 4.
Many neuropsychological tests are primarily developed in high-income countries, and normative data are not readily available for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We need culturally appropriate cognitive screening tests for India.
Hence, we decided to translate the Hindi cognitive screening test battery (HCSTB) tool to Malayalam and establish the age and education-stratified norms for a Malayalam cognitive screening test battery (MCSTB).
HCSTB was translated to Malayalam, back-translated by bilinguals conversant in Malayalam and English, and pretested on 30 older normal adults. Using a multistage sampling technique, we conducted a descriptive cross-sectional survey in the Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala, India. We approached older adults aged ≥60 years for informed and written consent. We excluded subjects with depression, functional impairment, cognitive impairment, history of stroke, psychosis, and visual/hearing loss that impaired cognitive assessment.
The normative data were derived from 441 older adults: 226 (51%) from rural areas and 215 (49%) from urban areas. Age and education affected the cognitive scores. The time to administer MCSTB among normal adults was approximately 17 minutes.
The derived normative data showed lower values than the published literature. A limitation of our study was the small number of older people with ≥12 years of education and the lack of neuroimaging of the subjects.
许多神经心理学测试主要是在高收入国家开发的，低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）难以获取常模数据。我们需要针对印度的文化适宜性认知筛查测试。
因此，我们决定将印地语认知筛查测试组（HCSTB）工具翻译成马拉雅拉姆语，并建立马拉雅拉姆语认知筛查测试组（MCSTB）的年龄和教育分层常模。
HCSTB被翻译成马拉雅拉姆语，由精通马拉雅拉姆语和英语的双语者进行回译，并在30名正常老年成年人中进行预测试。我们采用多阶段抽样技术，在印度喀拉拉邦的特里凡得琅区进行了一项描述性横断面调查。我们联系了年龄≥60岁的老年人以获取知情书面同意。我们排除了患有抑郁症、功能障碍、认知障碍、中风病史、精神病以及影响认知评估的视力/听力丧失的受试者。
常模数据来自441名老年人：226名（51%）来自农村地区，215名（49%）来自城市地区。年龄和教育程度影响认知分数。正常成年人完成MCSTB的时间约为17分钟。
得出的常模数据显示数值低于已发表的文献。我们研究的一个局限性是受教育年限≥12年的老年人数量较少，且受试者缺乏神经影像学检查。
