Condoleo Roberto, Rombolà Pasquale, Palumbo Roberta, Santori Davide, Serra Salvatore, Tonon Sara, Bosco Antonio, Sezzi Erminia
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e Toscana, Rome, Italy.
Viterbo Local Veterinary Services, Viterbo, Italy.
Front Vet Sci. 2023 Mar 23;10:1057277. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1057277. eCollection 2023.
Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease affecting a wide range of species, including humans, and can be responsible for important clinical manifestations such as abortion and neurological signs. Sheep show a remarkable susceptibility to its causative agent, , and zoonotic transmission may occur in case of consumption of undercooked meat obtained from infected animals. seroprevalence in sheep can significantly vary on a geographical basis, as shown by numerous surveys conducted worldwide. To investigate environmental and climate conditions that may affect the likelihood of ovine infection, 405 serum samples from selected sheep raised in 91 farms were collected from two abattoirs, with each abattoir receiving animals from two regions (1/Tuscany-Latium and 2/Campania-Basilicata). The seroprevalence of infection in all examined animals was 53.8%. Young animals ( = 165) had a lower likelihood of being positive compared to the adults (OR = 0.21), and the seropositive rate of animals slaughtered in abattoir 2 was significantly higher than that of animals slaughtered in abattoir 1 (60.5 vs. 43.2%, < 0.01). The significant bioclimatic variables ( < 0.05) associated with the presence of antibodies were related to areas with a lower range of temperature and higher precipitation. In conclusion, this study expands on the interpretation of serological data, with the inclusion of environmental and climatic variables, as possible risk factors in the spread of toxoplasmosis in the study area. These findings provide novel insights to support public health measures, such as risk-based control plan, and contribute to a "One Health" approach, taking into account the environmental and climatic perspectives.
弓形虫病是一种影响包括人类在内的多种物种的寄生虫病，可导致流产和神经症状等重要临床表现。绵羊对其病原体表现出显著易感性，食用受感染动物的未煮熟肉类可能会发生人畜共患病传播。正如全球范围内进行的众多调查所示，绵羊的血清阳性率在地理上可能有显著差异。为了调查可能影响绵羊感染可能性的环境和气候条件，从两个屠宰场收集了来自91个农场饲养的选定绵羊的405份血清样本，每个屠宰场接收来自两个地区（1/托斯卡纳-拉齐奥和2/坎帕尼亚-巴西利卡塔）的动物。所有检查动物的感染血清阳性率为53.8%。与成年动物相比，幼龄动物（n = 165）血清阳性的可能性较低（OR = 0.21），在屠宰场2屠宰的动物的血清阳性率显著高于在屠宰场1屠宰的动物（60.5%对43.2%，P < 0.01）。与弓形虫抗体存在相关的显著生物气候变量（P < 0.05）与温度范围较低和降水量较高的地区有关。总之，本研究扩展了对血清学数据的解释，纳入了环境和气候变量，作为研究区域弓形虫病传播的可能风险因素。这些发现为支持基于风险的控制计划等公共卫生措施提供了新的见解，并有助于采取“同一健康”方法，同时考虑环境和气候因素。
