Synthesis of a Ni(OH)@CuSe hetero-nanocage by ion exchange for advanced glucose sensing in serum and beverages.

CuSe nanosheets were coated on the surface of Ni(OH) nanocages (NCs) by ion exchange driven by selenium incorporation. The resulting Ni(OH)@CuSe hollow heterostructures (Ni(OH)@CuSe HHSs) showed high electrical conductivity and electrocatalytic activities derived from the synergistic effects of Ni/Cu phases. These structures enhanced glucose adsorption abilities, confirmed by density function theory (DFT) calculations, and the robustness of the integrated nano-electrocatalyst. Remarkably, Ni(OH)@CuSe HHSs modified electrodes excited excellent glucose sensing behavior with a wide linear range (0.001-7.5 mM), a sensitivity up to 2420.4 Μa mM cm, a low limit of detection (LOD, 0.15 μM), and fast response (less 2 s). Furthermore, Ni(OH)@CuSe HHSs competently analyzed glucose in serum and beverages with good recoveries ranging from 94.4 to 103.6%. Integrating copper selenide and Ni-based materials as 3D hollow heterostructures expands the selection of electrocatalysts for sensitive glucose detection in food and biological samples.