Fujimoto Masahiro, Sato Masaomi, Nagano Akinori, Rogers Mark W, Isaka Tadao
Human Augmentation Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.
College of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan.
Sports Biomech. 2025 Jan;24(1):80-94. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2023.2197876. Epub 2023 Apr 10.
Preparatory lower-limb loading conditions may affect the jump-to-reach performance of soccer goalkeepers. This study investigated the effect of pre-jump lower-limb loading/unloading during bilateral knee flexion-extension movements on sideways jump-to-reach performance in 18 male collegiate soccer goalkeepers. Participants performed the two-choice (high and low targets) reaction-time single-leg jump-to-reach task under two conditions: without preparatory movements (no-prep) and with continuous alternating knee extension and flexion movements (prep). The 'go' cue was provided with different preparatory loading conditions during the pre-jump knee extension and flexion phases. Performance was assessed using three-dimensional kinematic data and ground reaction forces. A significant main effect of the preparatory condition was observed for the jump take-off time. Pairwise comparisons revealed that the jump take-off time was 3.4-4.4% faster when initiated during the knee flexion phase than the no-prep condition and the extension phase ( ≤ .028). Increasing lower-limb loading and downward body movement with knee flexion appeared to facilitate effective loading to take-off to reach the high target and faster downward-directed take-off to reach the low target, respectively. Pre-jump knee flexion movement could be utilised by soccer goalkeepers to facilitate faster take-off to maximise their chances of saving shots within the reach of single-leg side-jumping.
下肢准备阶段的负荷条件可能会影响足球守门员的跳伸触物表现。本研究调查了18名男性大学生足球守门员在双侧膝关节屈伸运动中，起跳前下肢加载/卸载对侧向跳伸触物表现的影响。参与者在两种条件下执行双选（高目标和低目标）反应时单腿跳伸触物任务：无准备动作（无准备）和持续交替进行膝关节伸展和屈曲动作（有准备）。在起跳前的膝关节伸展和屈曲阶段，“开始”提示在不同的准备负荷条件下给出。使用三维运动学数据和地面反作用力评估表现。观察到准备条件对起跳时间有显著的主效应。成对比较显示，在膝关节屈曲阶段开始起跳时，起跳时间比无准备条件和伸展阶段快3.4-4.4%（P≤0.028）。随着膝关节屈曲增加下肢负荷和身体向下运动，似乎分别有助于有效加载以起跳去够到高目标和更快地向下起跳去够到低目标。足球守门员可以利用起跳前的膝关节屈曲动作来促进更快起跳，以最大限度地提高在单腿侧向跳跃可及范围内扑救射门的机会。
