Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology sEducation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
J Ment Health. 2023 Jun;32(3):634-642. doi: 10.1080/09638237.2023.2182411. Epub 2023 Apr 10.
Previous cross-sectional studies have examined the relationship between self-compassion, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and post-traumatic growth (PTG). But no study has tested whether self-compassion is a cause or a consequence of PTSD, PTG, or both.
The cross-lag analysis was used to examine the reciprocal effects among self-compassion, PTSD, and PTG.
We used data from 244 adolescents who had experienced earthquakes. We assessed self-compassion, PTSD, and PTG via self-report measures after the earthquake in Jiuzhaigou, as well as 6 and 12 months later.
Cross-lagged analyses indicated that positive self-compassion could significantly predict subsequent PTSD and PTG. Meanwhile, PTSD and PTG also predicted later positive self-compassion. Negative self-compassion at T1 increased PTSD at T2, and neither PTSD nor PTG significantly predicted subsequent negative self-compassion. In addition, negative self-compassion at T1 significantly predicted positive self-compassion at T2, while positive self-compassion at T2 significantly predicted negative self-compassion at T3.
Positive self-compassion is a protective factor of post-traumatic psychological response, and it is maintained for a long time, while negative self-compassion may aggravate the negative psychological outcomes of adolescents in the early stage of experiencing traumatic events. In addition, positive and negative self-compassion can influence each other over time.
先前的横断面研究已经考察了自我同情、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和创伤后成长（PTG）之间的关系。但是，尚无研究检验自我同情是 PTSD、PTG 或两者的原因还是结果。
本交叉滞后分析旨在检验自我同情、PTSD 和 PTG 之间的相互影响。
我们使用了经历过九寨沟地震的 244 名青少年的数据。在地震发生后、6 个月和 12 个月后，我们通过自我报告量表评估了自我同情、PTSD 和 PTG。
交叉滞后分析表明，积极的自我同情可以显著预测随后的 PTSD 和 PTG。同时，PTSD 和 PTG 也可以预测随后的积极自我同情。T1 时的消极自我同情会增加 T2 时的 PTSD，而 PTSD 和 PTG 均不会显著预测随后的消极自我同情。此外，T1 时的消极自我同情显著预测了 T2 时的积极自我同情，而 T2 时的积极自我同情显著预测了 T3 时的消极自我同情。
积极的自我同情是创伤后心理反应的保护因素，并且可以长时间维持，而消极的自我同情可能会在青少年经历创伤性事件的早期阶段加重其消极心理后果。此外，积极和消极的自我同情可以随着时间相互影响。
