Miller Vanessa E, Fitch Kate Vinita, Swilley-Martinez Monica E, Agha Erum, Alam Ishrat Z, Kavee Andrew L, Cooper Toska, Gaynes Bradley N, Carey Timothy S, Goldston David B, Ranapurwala Shabbar I, Pence Brian W
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.
Injury Prevention Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2025 Jan 3;18:e335. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2024.327.
Given the US population concentration near coastal areas and increased flooding due to climate change, public health professionals must recognize the psychological burden resulting from exposure to natural hazards.
We performed a systematic search of databases to identify articles with a clearly defined comparison group consisting of either pre-exposure measurements in a disaster-exposed population or disaster-unexposed controls, and assessment of mental health, including but not limited to, depression, post-traumatic stress (PTS), and anxiety.
Twenty-five studies, with a combined total of 616 657 people were included in a systematic review, and 11 studies with a total of 2012 people were included in a meta-analysis of 3 mental health outcomes. Meta-analytic findings included a positive association between disaster exposure and PTS ( 5, g = 0.44, 95% CI 0.04, 0.85), as well as depression ( 9, g = 0.28, 95% CI 0.04, 0.53), and no meaningful effect size in studies assessing anxiety ( 6, g = 0.05 95% CI -0.30, 0.19).
Hurricanes and flooding were consistently associated with increased depression and PTS in studies with comparison groups representing individuals unaffected by hazards.
鉴于美国人口集中在沿海地区，且气候变化导致洪水增加，公共卫生专业人员必须认识到接触自然灾害所带来的心理负担。
我们对数据库进行了系统检索，以识别具有明确界定的比较组的文章，该比较组包括受灾人群的暴露前测量值或未受灾对照组，并对心理健康进行评估，包括但不限于抑郁、创伤后应激障碍（PTS）和焦虑。
一项系统评价纳入了25项研究，总计616657人，一项对三种心理健康结果的荟萃分析纳入了11项研究，总计2012人。荟萃分析结果包括灾害暴露与PTS之间呈正相关（5项研究，g = 0.44，95%可信区间0.04，0.85），以及与抑郁之间呈正相关（9项研究，g = 0.28，95%可信区间0.04，0.53），而在评估焦虑的研究中未发现有意义的效应量（6项研究，g = 0.05，95%可信区间-0.30，0.19）。
在具有代表未受灾害影响个体的比较组的研究中，飓风和洪水一直与抑郁和PTS增加相关。
