Knoll M, Ertel U
Psychiatr Prax. 1986 Mar;13(2):49-57.
The evaluation of psychiatric histories of 56 women from the age of 45 to 60 diagnosed as monopolar depressions demonstrates the incongruence of natural-scientific and interpreting (hermeneutic) competence. In 60% of the cases no details about the gynecological anamnesis could be found; in 36% informations about the sexual selfperception by the patients were available; these informations were not placed under a specific category of anamnesis but scattered throughout the text and left a exigency of interpretation. Gynecological pains in a wider sense appeared in half of the cases. These datas are put in the frame of a specific, socially preformed idea of female aging, which indeed gives place to the here studied depressive syndrome, but not to a suitable mode of expression according to age, sexual desire resp. female individuality. The term of "ideal motherliness", i.e. a motherliness without the obligation to produce children, is introduced here as a possible therapeutic and social criticism. The interdependence of sexual mode of expression on one side, which is granted or not granted from a certain age on, of psychiatric symptoms becoming relevant and a fitting niche on the other is called 'ecology' with regard to the said background and according to Bateson. So the dysfunctional stabilization of the patient is regarded as a reflexive kind of way.
对56名年龄在45至60岁之间被诊断为单相抑郁症的女性的精神病史评估表明,自然科学能力与解释(诠释学)能力之间存在不一致。在60%的病例中,找不到关于妇科病史的详细信息;在36%的病例中,有患者性自我认知的信息;这些信息没有被归入特定的病史类别,而是分散在文本中,留下了诠释的迫切需求。广义的妇科疼痛出现在一半的病例中。这些数据被置于一种特定的、社会预先形成的女性衰老观念的框架内,这种观念确实导致了这里所研究的抑郁综合征,但没有导致根据年龄、性欲和女性个性的合适表达方式。这里引入“理想母性”一词,即没有生育义务的母性,作为一种可能的治疗和社会批评。从某个年龄起,一方面是性表达方式的相互依存,另一方面是相关精神症状和合适位置的相互依存,在上述背景下并根据贝特森的观点,这种相互依存被称为“生态”。因此,患者功能失调的稳定被视为一种反思性的方式。