Sidorenkov Andrey V, Borokhovski Eugene F
Southern Federal University, 105/42 Bolshaya Sadovaya Ul, 344006, Rostov-Na-Donu, Russia.
Concordia University, H3G 1M8, Montreal, GA‑2.126, Boulevard de Maisonneuve West, Québec, QC, 1455, Canada.
Integr Psychol Behav Sci. 2024 Dec;58(4):1-28. doi: 10.1007/s12124-023-09769-w. Epub 2023 Apr 12.
In this article, we attempted to integrate and further develop theoretical ideas in the area of the small group research about all group activity levels (types of actors) - individual, informal subgroup, and group - and about connections among them. We have touched upon such issues as (a) modes of group activity represented by activities of each type of the actors; (b) structural and functional associations among the actors; (c) functions that each type of actors carries out with respect to another type of actors; (d) direct and indirect links among actors; (e) the influence of links between some actors on links among other actors; and (f) processes of integration and disintegration as the main mechanism for changing connections among actors. Special attention is paid to direct (immediate) personalized and depersonalized connections among actors, as well as to connections mediated by actors' connections with another actor or some object. Discussion of these issues leads to formulation of some specific propositions. Simultaneous research coverage of all three types of actors and various connections among them should allow for creating a more complete picture of small group activities and various psychological phenomena within it, including multifaceted and complex ones. It should also enable considering group structure and the essence of group dynamics differently. We conclude this article by presenting both theoretical and practical implications of the proposed integrative perspective and by posing some important questions in line with it for further discussion.
在本文中，我们试图整合并进一步发展小群体研究领域中关于所有群体活动层次（行动者类型）——个体、非正式子群体和群体——以及它们之间联系的理论观点。我们探讨了以下问题：（a）由每种行动者类型的活动所代表的群体活动模式；（b）行动者之间的结构和功能关联；（c）每种行动者类型相对于其他行动者类型所执行的功能；（d）行动者之间的直接和间接联系；（e）某些行动者之间的联系对其他行动者之间联系的影响；以及（f）整合和解体过程作为改变行动者之间联系的主要机制。特别关注行动者之间直接（即时）的个性化和非个性化联系，以及由行动者与其他行动者或某个对象的联系所介导的联系。对这些问题的讨论导致了一些具体命题的形成。同时对所有三种行动者类型及其之间的各种联系进行研究，应该能够更全面地描绘小群体活动及其内部的各种心理现象，包括多方面和复杂的现象。这也应该能够以不同的方式考虑群体结构和群体动力学的本质。我们通过阐述所提出的整合视角的理论和实践意义，并据此提出一些重要问题以供进一步讨论来结束本文。
