Queen's University.
Western University.
J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2021 Jun 1;43(3):248-258. doi: 10.1123/jsep.2020-0296. Epub 2021 May 5.
The authors explored how sport structure predisposed a team to subgroup formation and influenced athlete interactions and team functioning. A season-long qualitative case study was undertaken with a nationally ranked Canadian track and field team. Semistructured interviews were conducted with coaches (n = 4) and athletes (n = 11) from different event groups (e.g., sprinters, jumpers) at the beginning and at the end of the season. The results highlighted constraints that directly impacted athlete interactions and predisposed the group to subgroup formation (e.g., sport/event type, facility/schedule limitations, team size/change over time). The constraints led to structural divides that impacted interactions but could be overcome through team building, engaging with leaders, and prioritizing communication. These findings underline how structure imposed by the design of sports impacts teammate interactions and how practitioners, coaches, and athletes can manage groups when facing such constraints. The authors describe theoretical and practical implications while also proposing potential future directions.
作者探讨了运动结构如何使团队倾向于分组，并影响运动员之间的互动和团队运作。对一支排名全国的加拿大田径队进行了为期一个赛季的定性案例研究。在赛季开始和结束时，对来自不同项目组（如短跑运动员、跳跃运动员）的教练（n=4）和运动员（n=11）进行了半结构化访谈。结果突出了直接影响运动员互动并使团队倾向于分组的限制因素（例如，运动/项目类型、设施/时间表限制、团队规模/随时间变化）。这些限制因素导致了结构上的分歧，影响了互动，但可以通过团队建设、与领导者接触和优先沟通来克服。这些发现强调了运动设计所施加的结构如何影响队友之间的互动，以及从业者、教练和运动员在面对这些限制时如何管理团队。作者描述了理论和实际影响，同时也提出了潜在的未来方向。
