Grèzes Julie, Risch Nathan, Courtet Philippe, Olié Emilie, Mennella Rocco
Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience Laboratory (LNC2), Inserm U960, Department of Cognitive Studies, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France.
Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094, Montpellier, France; Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post-Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, 34295, Montpellier, France; Clinique de la Lironde, Clinea Psychiatrie, 34980, Saint-Clément-de-Rivière, France.
Behav Res Ther. 2023 May;164:104306. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2023.104306. Epub 2023 Mar 29.
Depression is linked to dysfunctional appetitive and aversive motivational systems and effort-based decision-making, yet whether such deficits extend to social decisions remains unclear. Participants (23 non-depressed, 48 depressed - 24 with a past history of suicide attempt) completed a social decision-making task consisting in freely choosing whether to approach or avoid individuals displaying happy or angry expressions. Occasionally, participants had to make a further effort (change button press) to obtain the desired outcome. All participants preferentially avoided anger on their first choice. Yet, depressed patients less often chose to approach happy individuals, as a function of anhedonia severity. Depressed patients were also less inclined than controls to change their response when the anticipated outcome of their first choice was undesirable (approach angry and avoid happy). Again, such effect correlated with anhedonia severity. Our results support that both altered valuation and willingness to exert effort impact approach-avoidance decisions in social contexts in depression. On this basis, we propose a new integrating framework for reconciling different hypotheses on the effect of depression and anhedonia on motivational responses to emotional stimuli.
抑郁症与功能失调的食欲和厌恶动机系统以及基于努力的决策有关，但这些缺陷是否延伸至社会决策仍不明确。参与者（23名非抑郁症患者、48名抑郁症患者——其中24名有自杀未遂史）完成了一项社会决策任务，该任务包括自由选择是接近还是回避表现出高兴或愤怒表情的个体。偶尔，参与者必须付出更多努力（按下更改按钮）才能获得期望的结果。所有参与者在首次选择时都优先回避愤怒表情。然而，抑郁症患者因快感缺乏严重程度不同，较少选择接近表现出高兴表情的个体。当首次选择的预期结果不理想（接近愤怒表情个体和回避高兴表情个体）时，抑郁症患者也比对照组更不愿意改变他们的反应。同样，这种效应与快感缺乏严重程度相关。我们的研究结果支持，在抑郁症中，价值评估的改变和付出努力的意愿都会影响社会情境中的接近-回避决策。在此基础上，我们提出了一个新的综合框架，以调和关于抑郁症和快感缺乏对情绪刺激动机反应影响的不同假设。
