Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States; Forest Products Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, Madison, WI 53726, United States.
Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602107, India.
Bioresour Technol. 2023 Jul;379:129044. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129044. Epub 2023 Apr 10.
The consumption of energy levels has increased in association with economic growth and concurrently increased the energy demand from renewable sources. The need under Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) intends to explore various technological advancements for the utilization of waste to energy. Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) has been reported as constructive feedstock to produce biofuels, biofuel carriers and biochemicals using energy-efficient technologies in risk freeways. The present review contemplates risk assessment and challenges in sorting and transportation of MSW and different aspects of conversion of MSW into energy are critically analysed. The circular bioeconomy of energy production strategies and management of waste are also analysed. The current scenario on MSW and its impacts on the environment are elucidated in conjunction with various policies and amendments equipped for the competent management of MSW in order to fabricate a sustained environment.
随着经济增长，能源消耗水平不断提高，对可再生能源的能源需求也随之增加。可持续发展目标（SDG）需要探索各种技术进步，以利用废物产生能源。据报道，城市固体废物（MSW）是一种有建设性的原料，可以利用节能技术在无风险的环境中生产生物燃料、生物燃料载体和生物化学物质。本综述考虑了 MSW 的风险评估和分类以及运输方面的挑战，以及 MSW 转化为能源的各个方面都进行了批判性分析。还分析了能源生产策略的循环生物经济和废物管理。结合各种政策和修正案，阐述了当前城市固体废物的现状及其对环境的影响，这些政策和修正案旨在为制造一个可持续的环境提供了对 MSW 进行有效管理的条件。
