González Christian R, Reyes-Valenzuela Carolina, Rossi Gustavo C, Laurito Magdalena
Instituto de Entomología, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Santiago, Chile..
Laboratorio de Entomología, Sub-departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Santiago, Chile. .
Zootaxa. 2023 Mar 23;5256(6):544-564. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.5256.6.2.
Culex apicinus Philippi, 1865 and its synonyms, Phalangomyia debilis Dyar & Knab, 1914, Cx. escomeli Brèthes, 1920 and Cx. alticola Martini, 1931, were re-examined employing molecular and morphological phylogenetic methods. Archival and fresh specimens were used for morphological diagnosis and to generate fragments of two single-copy nuclear genes (CAD, HB) and one mitochondrial gene (COI). Additional sequences of Cx. apicinus and species of the subgenus Culex of Culex Linnaeus, 1758 and other subgenera of the genus were obtained from GenBank for molecular analysis. Diagnostic morphological characteristics of Cx. apicinus and other species of the subgenus Culex were contrasted. Phylogenetic relationships were generated using DNA sequences of protein coding genes under both Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian approaches. Culex apicinus showed unique morphological traits that allow its classification in a separate subgenus. The subspecific status is supported by its recovery as a monophyletic clade within the genus Culex based on morphological and molecular characters. The synonymous Phalangomyia debilis provides an available subgeneric name. Consequently, Phalangomyia Dyar & Knab, 1914 is resurrected from synonymy with Culex Linnaeus, 1758 as a monobasic subgenus of Culex.
利用分子和形态系统发育方法，对尖音库蚊（Culex apicinus Philippi，1865年）及其同物异名——柔弱蚊（Phalangomyia debilis Dyar & Knab，1914年）、埃氏库蚊（Cx. escomeli Brèthes，1920年）和高山库蚊（Cx. alticola Martini，1931年）进行了重新研究。使用存档标本和新鲜标本进行形态学诊断，并扩增两个单拷贝核基因（CAD、HB）和一个线粒体基因（COI）的片段。从GenBank获取尖音库蚊以及库蚊属（Culex Linnaeus，1758年）库蚊亚属和该属其他亚属物种的额外序列用于分子分析。对比了尖音库蚊和库蚊亚属其他物种的诊断性形态特征。在最大似然法和贝叶斯法下，利用蛋白质编码基因的DNA序列构建系统发育关系。尖音库蚊表现出独特的形态特征，使其可归入一个单独的亚属。基于形态和分子特征，其在库蚊属内作为一个单系类群被恢复，支持了其亚种地位。同物异名柔弱蚊提供了一个可用的亚属名称。因此，柔弱蚊属（Phalangomyia Dyar & Knab，1914年）从与库蚊属（Culex Linnaeus，1758年）的同物异名中复活，成为库蚊属的一个单型亚属。
