唾液腺癌的表观遗传学：从场癌化到癌变

The Epigenesis of Salivary Glands Carcinoma: From Field Cancerization to Carcinogenesis.

作者信息

Mat Lazim Norhafiza, Yousaf Anam, Abusalah Mai Abdel Haleem, Sulong Sarina, Mohd Ismail Zul Izhar, Mohamud Rohimah, Abu-Harirah Hashem A, AlRamadneh Tareq Nayef, Hassan Rosline, Abdullah Baharudin

机构信息

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia.

Hospital USM, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia.

出版信息

Cancers (Basel). 2023 Mar 31;15(7):2111. doi: 10.3390/cancers15072111.

DOI:10.3390/cancers15072111

PMID:37046772

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10093474/

Abstract

Salivary gland carcinomas (SGCs) are a diverse collection of malignant tumors with marked differences in biological activity, clinical presentation and microscopic appearance. Although the etiology is varied, secondary radiation, oncogenic viruses as well as chromosomal rearrangements have all been linked to the formation of SGCs. Epigenetic modifications may also contribute to the genesis and progression of SGCs. Epigenetic modifications are any heritable changes in gene expression that are not caused by changes in DNA sequence. It is now widely accepted that epigenetics plays an important role in SGCs development. A basic epigenetic process that has been linked to a variety of pathological as well as physiological conditions including cancer formation, is DNA methylation. Transcriptional repression is caused by CpG islands hypermethylation at gene promoters, whereas hypomethylation causes overexpression of a gene. Epigenetic changes in SGCs have been identified, and they have been linked to the genesis, progression as well as prognosis of these neoplasms. Thus, we conduct a thorough evaluation of the currently known evidence on the involvement of epigenetic processes in SGCs.

摘要

唾液腺癌（SGCs）是一组多样的恶性肿瘤，在生物学活性、临床表现和微观外观上存在显著差异。尽管病因各异，但二次辐射、致癌病毒以及染色体重排均与SGCs的形成有关。表观遗传修饰也可能在SGCs的发生和发展中起作用。表观遗传修饰是指基因表达中任何不是由DNA序列变化引起的可遗传变化。现在人们普遍认为表观遗传学在SGCs的发展中起着重要作用。一种与包括癌症形成在内的多种病理和生理状况相关的基本表观遗传过程是DNA甲基化。基因启动子处的CpG岛高甲基化会导致转录抑制，而低甲基化则会导致基因过度表达。已经确定了SGCs中的表观遗传变化，并且它们与这些肿瘤的发生、发展以及预后有关。因此，我们对目前已知的关于表观遗传过程参与SGCs的证据进行了全面评估。