Menon Anil, Mutalik Vimi S, Chen Yongqiang, Ponamgi Spd, Peela Sujatha, Schroth Robert J, Ghavami Saeid, Chelikani Prashen
Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada.
Department of Dental Diagnostics and Surgical Sciences, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada.
Cancers (Basel). 2025 Mar 25;17(7):1094. doi: 10.3390/cancers17071094.
Oral cancer refers to cancers originating in the oral cavity and oropharyngeal regions. It is the 16th most prevalent cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths. However, the mechanisms of its progression are still being understood, and interventions to provide early diagnosis need to be improved. More studies have recently been conducted on oral cancer, and many reviews have summarized the findings in this field, focusing on individual factors. However, few review articles have evaluated the combinational impacts of different factors on oral cancer. This review aimed to provide an overview of the combinational effects of three extracellular factors, including lifestyle habits, oral microbiome, and socioeconomic factors, on oral cancer progression. Oral cancer is differentially affected by lifestyle habits; high-sugar diets, processed foods, alcohol, smoking, and possibly sleep disorders benefit its progression, whereas eating natural diets, such as fruits, vegetables, fish, and garlic, drinking tea or coffee, and physical exercise can combat it. The oral microbiome could suppress or promote oral cancer progression. Low socioeconomic status can impact oral cancer development. Furthermore, crosstalk among these three factors affects oral cancer progression. This review has limitations in not including all oral cancer-affecting factors and all important publications. More focus should be placed on the combinational effects of multiple factors on oral cancer progression and treatment. The findings in this study could update researchers on the landscape of oral cancer progression and help formulate approaches to promote oral cancer prevention and treatment.
口腔癌是指起源于口腔和口咽区域的癌症。它是第16大常见癌症，也是癌症相关死亡的第六大主要原因。然而，其进展机制仍在研究中，早期诊断的干预措施也有待改进。最近对口腔癌进行了更多研究，许多综述总结了该领域的研究结果，重点关注个体因素。然而，很少有综述文章评估不同因素对口腔癌的综合影响。本综述旨在概述生活习惯、口腔微生物群和社会经济因素这三种细胞外因素对口腔癌进展的综合影响。生活习惯对口腔癌的影响各不相同；高糖饮食、加工食品、酒精、吸烟以及可能的睡眠障碍有利于其进展，而食用天然饮食，如水果、蔬菜、鱼和大蒜，饮用茶或咖啡，以及体育锻炼则可以对抗口腔癌。口腔微生物群可以抑制或促进口腔癌的进展。社会经济地位低会影响口腔癌的发展。此外，这三个因素之间的相互作用会影响口腔癌的进展。本综述存在局限性，未涵盖所有影响口腔癌的因素和所有重要出版物。应更多地关注多种因素对口腔癌进展和治疗的综合影响。本研究的结果可以让研究人员了解口腔癌进展的全貌，并有助于制定促进口腔癌预防和治疗的方法。
