Yalamarty Satya Siva Kishan, Filipczak Nina, Li Xiang, Subhan Md Abdus, Parveen Farzana, Ataide Janaína Artem, Rajmalani Bharat Ashok, Torchilin Vladimir P
Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine (CPBN), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China.
Cancers (Basel). 2023 Apr 1;15(7):2116. doi: 10.3390/cancers15072116.
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive form of brain cancer that is difficult to treat due to its resistance to both radiation and chemotherapy. This resistance is largely due to the unique biology of GBM cells, which can evade the effects of conventional treatments through mechanisms such as increased resistance to cell death and rapid regeneration of cancerous cells. Additionally, the blood-brain barrier makes it difficult for chemotherapy drugs to reach GBM cells, leading to reduced effectiveness. Despite these challenges, there are several treatment options available for GBM. The standard of care for newly diagnosed GBM patients involves surgical resection followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy. Emerging treatments include immunotherapy, such as checkpoint inhibitors, and targeted therapies, such as bevacizumab, that attempt to attack specific vulnerabilities in GBM cells. Another promising approach is the use of tumor-treating fields, a type of electric field therapy that has been shown to slow the growth of GBM cells. Clinical trials are ongoing to evaluate the safety and efficacy of these and other innovative treatments for GBM, intending to improve with outcomes for patients.
多形性胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）是一种极具侵袭性的脑癌，由于其对放疗和化疗均具有抗性，因而难以治疗。这种抗性很大程度上归因于GBM细胞独特的生物学特性，这些细胞能够通过诸如增强对细胞死亡的抗性以及癌细胞快速再生等机制来逃避传统治疗的影响。此外，血脑屏障使得化疗药物难以抵达GBM细胞，导致疗效降低。尽管存在这些挑战，但GBM仍有多种治疗选择。新诊断的GBM患者的标准治疗方案包括手术切除，随后进行同步放化疗和辅助化疗。新兴治疗方法包括免疫疗法，如检查点抑制剂，以及靶向疗法，如贝伐单抗，它们试图攻击GBM细胞中的特定弱点。另一种有前景的方法是使用肿瘤治疗电场，这是一种电场疗法，已被证明能减缓GBM细胞的生长。目前正在进行临床试验，以评估这些以及其他针对GBM的创新治疗方法的安全性和疗效，旨在改善患者的治疗结果。
