Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Patras, GR-30100 Agrinio, Greece.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Apr 1;24(7):6594. doi: 10.3390/ijms24076594.
The development of polymeric materials as antifouling coatings for aquaculture nets is elaborated in the present work. In this context, cross-linked polymeric systems based on quaternary ammonium compounds (immobilized or releasable) prepared under mild aqueous conditions were introduced as a more environmentally friendly methodology for coating nets on a large scale. To optimize the duration of action of the coatings, a multilayer coating method was applied by combining the antimicrobial organo-soluble copolymer poly(cetyltrimethylammonium 4-styrenesulfonate-co-glycidyl methacrylate) [P(SSAmC-co-GMA20)] as the first layer with either the water-soluble copolymer poly(vinylbenzyl trimethylammonium chloride-co-acrylic acid) [P(VBCTMAM-co-AA20)] or the water-soluble polymers poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(hexamethylene guanidine), PHMG, as the second layer. The above-mentioned approach, followed by thermal cross-linking of the polymeric coatings, resulted in stable materials with controlled release of the biocidal species. The coated nets were studied in terms of their antifouling efficiency under accelerated biofouling conditions as well as under real conditions in an aquaculture field. Resistance to biofouling after three water-nutrient replenishments was observed under laboratory accelerated biofouling conditions. In addition, at the end of the field test (day 23) the uncoated nets were completely covered by marine contaminants, while the coated nets remained intact over most of their extent.
本工作阐述了将聚合材料开发为水产养殖网用防污涂料的情况。在此背景下，介绍了在温和水相条件下制备的基于季铵盐化合物（固定或可释放）的交联聚合体系，作为一种更环保的大规模网涂方法。为了优化涂层的作用持续时间，应用了多层涂层方法，将抗菌可溶有机共聚物聚（壳聚糖三甲基铵 4-苯乙烯磺酸盐-co-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯）[P（SSAmC-co-GMA20）]作为第一层，与水溶性共聚物聚（4-乙烯基苄基三甲基氯化铵-co-丙烯酸）[P（VBCTMAM-co-AA20）]或水溶性聚合物聚（丙烯酸）（PAA）和聚（六亚甲基胍），PHMG，作为第二层结合使用。通过对聚合涂层进行热交联，采用上述方法得到了具有受控释放杀菌物种的稳定材料。对涂层网在加速生物污损条件下以及在水产养殖现场的实际条件下的防污效率进行了研究。在实验室加速生物污损条件下观察到经过三次水营养物补充后对生物污损的抵抗力。此外，在田间试验结束时（第 23 天），未涂层的网完全被海洋污染物覆盖，而涂层网在大部分面积上仍保持完整。
