Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, 08406 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Apr 4;24(7):6730. doi: 10.3390/ijms24076730.
Cartilage is an avascular tissue and sensitive to mechanical trauma and/or age-related degenerative processes leading to the development of osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, it is important to investigate the mesenchymal cell-based chondrogenic regenerating mechanisms and possible their regulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of intracellular calcium (iCa) and its regulation through voltage-operated calcium channels (VOCC) on chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells derived from human bone marrow (BMMSCs) and menstrual blood (MenSCs) in comparison to OA chondrocytes. The level of iCa was highest in chondrocytes, whereas iCa store capacity was biggest in MenSCs and they proliferated better as compared to other cells. The level of CaV1.2 channels was also highest in OA chondrocytes than in other cells. CaV1.2 antagonist nifedipine slightly suppressed iCa, Cav1.2 and the proliferation of all cells and affected iCa stores, particularly in BMMSCs. The expression of the CaV1.2 gene during 21 days of chondrogenic differentiation was highest in MenSCs, showing the weakest chondrogenic differentiation, which was stimulated by the nifedipine. The best chondrogenic differentiation potential showed BMMSCs ( and expression); however, purposeful iCa and VOCC regulation by blockers can stimulate a chondrogenic response at least in MenSCs.
软骨是一种无血管组织，对机械性创伤和/或与年龄相关的退行性过程敏感，导致骨关节炎（OA）的发生。因此，研究基于间充质细胞的软骨再生机制及其可能的调节作用非常重要。本研究旨在研究细胞内钙（iCa）及其通过电压门控钙通道（VOCC）的调节在骨髓间充质干细胞（BMMSCs）和月经血间充质干细胞（MenSCs）向软骨细胞分化中的作用，并与 OA 软骨细胞进行比较。iCa 水平在软骨细胞中最高，而 iCa 储存能力在 MenSCs 中最大，它们的增殖能力比其他细胞更好。CaV1.2 通道的水平在 OA 软骨细胞中也高于其他细胞。CaV1.2 拮抗剂硝苯地平轻微抑制 iCa、Cav1.2 和所有细胞的增殖，并影响 iCa 储存，特别是在 BMMSCs 中。在 21 天的软骨分化过程中，CaV1.2 基因的表达在 MenSCs 中最高，但其软骨分化能力最弱，这一过程被硝苯地平刺激。BMMSCs 表现出最强的软骨分化潜力（和 表达）；然而，通过阻断剂有目的地调节 iCa 和 VOCC 可以至少在 MenSCs 中刺激软骨反应。
