Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Apr 6;24(7):6853. doi: 10.3390/ijms24076853.
Neuroendocrine tumours of the gastrointestinal tract are rare. The incidence has increased in recent years due to improvements in diagnostic methods for detecting these lesions. These tumours have a poor prognosis, especially when detected at an advanced stage. The basis of the treatment is resection, and non-surgical treatments are also standard in the treatment process. The situation is similar in even rarer neuroendocrine tumours of the reproductive tract, which are associated with an equally poor prognosis. In this article, we focus on learning about the risk factors (including genetic mutations) that increase the risk of the disease and comparing the effectiveness of non-surgical treatments-chemotherapy, radiotherapy, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, somatostatin analogues, and immunotherapy. The efficacy of these treatments varies, and immunotherapy appears to be a promising form of treatment; however, this requires further research.
胃肠道神经内分泌肿瘤较为罕见。近年来，由于这些病变的诊断方法有所改进，其发病率有所增加。这些肿瘤预后不良，尤其是在晚期发现时。治疗的基础是切除，非手术治疗也是治疗过程中的标准方法。在更为罕见的生殖系统神经内分泌肿瘤中也是如此，其预后同样较差。在本文中，我们重点学习了增加患病风险的危险因素（包括基因突变），并比较了非手术治疗方法（化疗、放疗、肽受体放射性核素治疗、生长抑素类似物和免疫疗法）的效果。这些治疗方法的效果各异，免疫疗法似乎是一种很有前途的治疗形式；然而，这需要进一步的研究。
