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农村小型奶牛场牛乳腺炎分离株的耐药谱、A基因的存在情况及产毒株的鉴定

Resistance Profile of Bovine Mastitis Isolates, Presence of the A Gene and Identification of Producing Strains from Small Rural Dairy Properties.

作者信息

Fazoli Kawany Gabrieli Zanetti, Rey Laisa Marina Rosa, Rúbio Kariny Aparecida Jardim, Garcia Souza Mateus Augusto, Oliveira Halison Murilo da Silva, Ribeiro Débora Cristina, Pereira Kelly Regina de Jesus Duarte, Kawamo Denise Miyuki, Gomes Thays Karollyni Amaral, Silva Isadora Brito da, Santos Isabela Carvalho Dos, Ferreira Larissa Rafaela de Paula, Rahal Isabelle Luiz, Valle Juliana Silveira do, Ruiz Suelen Pereira, Faria Maria Graciela Iecher, Gazim Zilda Cristiani, Piau Junior Ranunlfo, Gonçalves Daniela Dib

机构信息

Graduate Program in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR), Umuarama 87502-210, PR, Brazil.

School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR), Umuarama 87502-210, PR, Brazil.

出版信息

Animals (Basel). 2023 Mar 24;13(7):1147. doi: 10.3390/ani13071147.

Abstract

Bovine mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland in response to invasion by opportunistic agents. Due to the high economic importance of dairy production and the complexity related to animal health, the objective of this work was to identify and evaluate the antibacterial resistance profile of samples of mastitis milk, milking hand and milking equipment from small rural dairy farms belonging to the northwest region of the state of Paraná, Brazil. Five small, non-technical dairy farms in the municipalities of Boa Esperança, Juranda and Tapejara, all belonging to the northwest region of the state of Paraná, Brazil, were selected. The properties had Holstein and/or crossbred herds, carried out a bucket-by-foot milking system and all had the presence of animals with subclinical mastitis confirmed by the California Mastitis Test. Samples of sterile swabs from the milking insufflators, the milking hand and milk samples were collected-and later, isolation tests and phenotypic characterization of the samples, sensitivity tests to antimicrobials and phenotypic tests for the detection of beta-producing strains were performed with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), molecular identification of isolates and A gene research. Of the 199 samples collected from the 15 selected properties in the municipalities of Boa Esperança, Tapejara and Juranda, 72 (36.20%) were classified as multiresistant. Isolated from milkers' hands and milking machines, which phenotypically produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), the presence of the A gene was also observed in 11 isolates of spp. of milk samples, machines and milking hands. Mastitis can be spread to the herd through the milking process by the milkers' instruments and hands, and adequate management measures can prevent its transmission and the conscious use of antibiotics decreases the prevalence of multidrug-resistant pathogens. In this work, different pathogenic bacteria were detected in mastitic milk, milking equipment and milking hand with a high percentage (36.20%) of isolates classified as multidrug resistant. In addition, the presence phenotypically (ESBL) and molecularly (A gene) of isolates carrying resistance genes was also verified. These results directly reflect on the health of the animals, the health of the workers and the health of the respective environment, which can enable the continuity of the propagation of the etiological agents involved in the mastitis infection. The awareness of producers and workers on these properties about the disease, transmission, sanitary aspects and adequate management and treatment are essential for improving milk production and production efficiency.

摘要

牛乳腺炎是乳腺对机会性病原体入侵的一种炎症反应。由于乳制品生产具有很高的经济重要性以及与动物健康相关的复杂性,本研究的目的是鉴定和评估来自巴西巴拉那州西北部农村小型奶牛场的乳腺炎牛奶、挤奶手和挤奶设备样本的抗菌药物耐药谱。选取了巴西巴拉那州西北部博阿埃斯佩兰萨、茹兰达和塔佩雅拉市的五个小型非技术奶牛场。这些养殖场拥有荷斯坦和/或杂交牛群,采用手工挤奶桶系统,并且所有养殖场都有经加利福尼亚乳腺炎检测确认患有亚临床乳腺炎的动物。采集了来自挤奶吹气装置、挤奶手和牛奶样本的无菌拭子样本,随后对样本进行分离试验和表型鉴定、抗菌药物敏感性试验以及检测产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBL)菌株的表型试验、分离株的分子鉴定和A基因研究。在从博阿埃斯佩兰萨、塔佩雅拉和茹兰达市15个选定养殖场采集的199个样本中,72个(36.20%)被归类为多重耐药。从表型上产生超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBL)的挤奶工手部和挤奶机中分离出的菌株,在11株牛奶样本、机器和挤奶手的 spp. 分离株中也观察到了A基因的存在。乳腺炎可通过挤奶工的器具和手部在挤奶过程中传播至牛群,适当的管理措施可预防其传播,而合理使用抗生素可降低多重耐药病原体的流行率。在本研究中,在患乳腺炎的牛奶、挤奶设备和挤奶手中检测到了不同的病原菌,其中高比例(36.20%)的分离株被归类为多重耐药。此外,还验证了携带耐药基因的分离株在表型(ESBL)和分子(A基因)方面的存在。这些结果直接影响动物健康、工人健康以及各自的环境健康,这可能导致参与乳腺炎感染的病原体持续传播。这些养殖场的生产者和工人对该疾病、传播、卫生方面以及适当的管理和治疗的认识对于提高牛奶产量和生产效率至关重要。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3d3a/10093310/6b50cebaa875/animals-13-01147-g001.jpg

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