Jovičević-Klug Patricia, Jovičević-Klug Matic, Rohwerder Michael, Godec Matjaž, Podgornik Bojan
Institute of Metals and Technology, Lepi pot 11, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Max-Planck-Institute for Iron Research, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany.
Materials (Basel). 2023 Mar 27;16(7):2638. doi: 10.3390/ma16072638.
Stainless steels are important in various industries due to their unique properties and durable life cycle. However, with increasing demands for prolonged life cycles, better mechanical properties, and improved residual stresses, new treatment techniques, such as deep cryogenic treatment (DCT), are on the rise to further push the improvement in stainless steels. This study focuses on the effect of DCT on austenitic stainless steel AISI 304L, while also considering the influence of solution annealing temperature on DCT effectiveness. Both aspects are assessed through the research of microstructure, selected mechanical properties (hardness, fracture and impact toughness, compressive and tensile strength, strain-hardening exponent, and fatigue resistance), and residual stresses by comparing the DCT state with conventionally treated counterparts. The results indicate the complex interdependency of investigated microstructural characteristics and residual stress states, which is the main reason for induced changes in mechanical properties. The results show both the significant and insignificant effects of DCT on individual properties of AISI 304L. Overall, solution annealing at a higher temperature (1080 °C) showed more prominent results in combination with DCT, which can be utilized for different manufacturing procedures of austenitic stainless steels for various applications.
不锈钢因其独特性能和耐用的生命周期在各个行业中都很重要。然而，随着对延长生命周期、更好的机械性能以及改善残余应力的需求不断增加，诸如深冷处理（DCT）等新的处理技术正在兴起，以进一步推动不锈钢性能的提升。本研究聚焦于深冷处理对奥氏体不锈钢AISI 304L的影响，同时也考虑固溶退火温度对深冷处理效果的影响。通过研究微观结构、选定的机械性能（硬度、断裂韧性和冲击韧性、抗压强度和抗拉强度、应变硬化指数以及疲劳抗性）以及残余应力，将深冷处理状态与传统处理的对应状态进行比较，对这两个方面进行评估。结果表明，所研究的微观结构特征和残余应力状态之间存在复杂的相互依存关系，这是导致机械性能发生变化的主要原因。结果显示了深冷处理对AISI 304L各项性能的显著和不显著影响。总体而言，在较高温度（1080°C）下进行固溶退火与深冷处理相结合显示出更显著的效果，可用于奥氏体不锈钢不同应用的各种制造工艺。
