基于增材制造的钢基合金的微观组织与性能特征

The Characteristic Microstructures and Properties of Steel-Based Alloy via Additive Manufacturing.

作者信息

Shang Chunlei, Wu Honghui, Pan Guangfei, Zhu Jiaqi, Wang Shuize, Wu Guilin, Gao Junheng, Liu Zhiyuan, Li Ruidi, Mao Xinping

机构信息

Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Innovation Research Institute for Carbon Neutrality, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.

Department of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China.

出版信息

Materials (Basel). 2023 Mar 28;16(7):2696. doi: 10.3390/ma16072696.

DOI:10.3390/ma16072696

PMID:37048990

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10095883/

Abstract

Differing from metal alloys produced by conventional techniques, metallic products prepared by additive manufacturing experience distinct solidification thermal histories and solid-state phase transformation processes, resulting in unique microstructures and superior performance. This review starts with commonly used additive manufacturing techniques in steel-based alloy and then some typical microstructures produced by metal additive manufacturing technologies with different components and processes are summarized, including porosity, dislocation cells, dendrite structures, residual stress, element segregation, etc. The characteristic microstructures may exert a significant influence on the properties of additively manufactured products, and thus it is important to tune the components and additive manufacturing process parameters to achieve the desired microstructures. Finally, the future development and prospects of additive manufacturing technology in steel are discussed.

摘要

与传统技术生产的金属合金不同，增材制造制备的金属制品经历独特的凝固热历史和固态相变过程，从而产生独特的微观结构和优异性能。本文综述首先介绍了钢基合金常用的增材制造技术，然后总结了不同成分和工艺的金属增材制造技术所产生的一些典型微观结构，包括孔隙率、位错胞、枝晶结构、残余应力、元素偏析等。这些特征微观结构可能对增材制造产品的性能产生重大影响，因此调整成分和增材制造工艺参数以获得所需的微观结构非常重要。最后，讨论了钢的增材制造技术的未来发展和前景。