School of Electrical Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, No.717 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430033, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Mar 28;23(7):3535. doi: 10.3390/s23073535.
Atomic gravimeter has been more frequently applied under complex and dynamic environments, but its measurement accuracy is seriously hampered by vibration-induced noise. In this case, vibration compensation provides a way to enhance the accuracy of gravity measurements by correcting the phase noise that resulted from the vibration of a Raman reflector, and improving the fitting of an interference fringe. An accurate estimation of the transfer function of vibration between the Raman reflector and the sensor plays a significant role in optimizing the effect of vibration compensation. For this reason, a vibration compensation approach was explored based on EO (equilibrium optimizer) for estimating the transfer function simplified model of a Raman reflector, and it was used to correct the interference fringe of an atomic gravimeter. The test results revealed that this approach greatly restored the actual vibration of the Raman reflector in a complex vibration environment. With a vibration compensation algorithm, it achieved the correction and fitting of the original interference fringe. In general, it dramatically reduced the RMSE (root mean square error) at the time of fitting and significantly improved the residual error in the gravity measurement. Compared with other conventional algorithms, such as GA (genetic algorithm) and PSO (particle swarm optimization), this approach realized a faster convergence and better optimization, so as to ensure more accurate gravity measurements. The study of this vibration compensation approach could provide a reference for the application of an atomic gravimeter in a wider and more complex environment.
原子重力仪在复杂和动态环境下的应用越来越频繁，但由于振动引起的噪声，其测量精度受到严重影响。在这种情况下，振动补偿通过校正由拉曼反射镜振动引起的相位噪声，以及改善干涉条纹的拟合，为提高重力测量的精度提供了一种方法。准确估计拉曼反射镜和传感器之间的振动传递函数对于优化振动补偿效果起着重要作用。为此，我们探索了一种基于 EO（平衡优化器）的振动补偿方法，用于估计简化的拉曼反射镜传递函数模型，并将其用于校正原子重力仪的干涉条纹。测试结果表明，该方法极大地恢复了复杂振动环境中拉曼反射镜的实际振动。通过振动补偿算法，实现了原始干涉条纹的校正和拟合。总的来说，它在拟合时大大降低了 RMSE（均方根误差），并显著改善了重力测量的残余误差。与其他传统算法（如遗传算法和粒子群优化算法）相比，该方法实现了更快的收敛速度和更好的优化，从而确保了更精确的重力测量。这项关于振动补偿方法的研究可为原子重力仪在更广泛和复杂的环境中的应用提供参考。
