The Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, UIHealth Children's Hospital of the University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
J Biophotonics. 2023 Jul;16(7):e202200313. doi: 10.1002/jbio.202200313. Epub 2023 Apr 23.
Brain hemorrhage, specifically intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), is considered one of the primary and leading causes of cerebral anomalies in neonates. Several imaging modalities including the most popular, cranial ultrasound, are not capable of detecting early stage IVHs. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) exhibited great potential for detecting cerebral hemorrhage in studies limited to small animal models, but these models are not comparable to neonatal brain morphology. However, hemorrhage detection in large animal models using PAI is rare due to the complexity and cost of inducing hemorrhage in vivo. Moreover, in vitro studies are unable to represent the physiology and environment of the hemorrhagic lesion. Here, we proposed a pseudo hemorrhage implementation method in the sheep brain that allows us to mimic different hemorrhagic lesions ex vivo without compromising the complexity of cerebral imaging. This approach enables a true evaluation of PAI performance for detecting hemorrhages and can be utilized as a reference to optimize the PAI system for in vivo imaging.
脑出血，特别是脑室内出血（IVH），被认为是新生儿脑畸形的主要原因之一。包括最常用的头颅超声在内的几种成像方式都无法检测到早期 IVH。光声成像（PAI）在仅限于小动物模型的研究中显示出了很大的检测脑出血的潜力，但这些模型与新生儿的大脑形态学并不相似。然而，由于在体内诱导出血的复杂性和成本，使用 PAI 检测大动物模型中的出血很少见。此外，体外研究无法代表出血病变的生理学和环境。在这里，我们提出了一种在绵羊大脑中模拟假性出血的方法，使我们能够在不影响大脑成像复杂性的情况下，在体外模拟不同的出血病变。这种方法可以真正评估 PAI 检测出血的性能，并可作为参考，优化用于体内成像的 PAI 系统。
