Duan Haibin, Huo Mengzhen, Fan Yanming
State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.
Virtual Reality Fundamental Research Laboratory, Department of Mathematics and Theories, Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518000, China.
Natl Sci Rev. 2023 Feb 16;10(5):nwad040. doi: 10.1093/nsr/nwad040. eCollection 2023 May.
The collective behaviors of animals, from schooling fish to packing wolves and flocking birds, display plenty of fascinating phenomena that result from simple interaction rules among individuals. The emergent intelligent properties of the animal collective behaviors, such as self-organization, robustness, adaptability and expansibility, have inspired the design of autonomous unmanned swarm systems. This article reviews several typical natural collective behaviors, introduces the origin and connotation of swarm intelligence, and gives the application case of animal collective behaviors. On this basis, the article focuses on the forefront of progress and bionic achievements of aerial, ground and marine robotics swarms, illustrating the mapping relationship from biological cooperative mechanisms to cooperative unmanned cluster systems. Finally, considering the significance of the coexisting-cooperative-cognitive human-machine system, the key technologies to be solved are given as the reference directions for the subsequent exploration.
动物的集体行为，从成群的鱼到成群的狼和成群的鸟，展现出许多由个体间简单交互规则产生的迷人现象。动物集体行为所呈现出的涌现智能特性，如自组织、鲁棒性、适应性和扩展性，启发了自主无人集群系统的设计。本文回顾了几种典型的自然集体行为，介绍了群体智能的起源和内涵，并给出了动物集体行为的应用案例。在此基础上，文章重点阐述了空中、地面和海洋机器人集群的前沿进展和仿生成果，阐明了从生物合作机制到协同无人集群系统的映射关系。最后，考虑到共存-合作-认知人机系统的重要性，给出了有待解决的关键技术，作为后续探索的参考方向。
