Ghodrati Sajjad, Akhoundi Behnaz, Mohebali Mehdi, Zeinali Mohammad, Hajjaran Homa, Kakooei Zahra
Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran (CREPI), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Arthropod Borne Dis. 2022 Sep 30;16(3):217-224. doi: 10.18502/jad.v16i3.12038. eCollection 2022 Sep.
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) also known as Kala-azar is considered as one of the zoonotic infections in Mediterranean countries. The disease reservoir and vectors are dogs and sandflies respectively. Due to reported sporadic cases of Kala-azar in the past five years in Shahroud County, Semnan Province, Iran, this study aimed to investigate the status of this infection in this area and to determine its seroepidemiology to take required measurements for infection control and treatment.
This study was conducted on 504 subjects residing in seven villages in Shahroud County. Blood samples were randomly selected using the cluster sampling method and were collected from subjects aged up to 13 years old (90%) and adults over 13 years old (10%) from September to May 2019. After separating sera from whole blood, samples were subjected to direct agglutination test (DAT) to detect anti- antibodies. A range of 1:10 to 1:800 dilutions were prepared from the samples.
Results of 1:800 titration indicated that no sample was positive for antibodies against . After the secondary screening, 10 cases (1.98%) showed the antibody titer of 1:100, while four cases (0.79%) showed the antibody titer of 1:400. Of 14 cases with the antibodies, all were detected from the children <13 years old. According to clinical findings, no patient was suffering from fever, weight loss, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and cachexia and therefore did not show the Kala-azar symptoms.
The results of the current study indicate that Kala-azar is not prevalent in Shahroud County.
内脏利什曼病（VL）也称为黑热病，被认为是地中海国家的人畜共患感染之一。该病的储存宿主和传播媒介分别是狗和白蛉。由于过去五年伊朗塞姆南省沙赫鲁德县有黑热病散发病例的报告，本研究旨在调查该地区这种感染的状况，并确定其血清流行病学，以便采取必要的感染控制和治疗措施。
本研究对居住在沙赫鲁德县七个村庄的504名受试者进行。采用整群抽样方法随机选取血样，于2019年9月至5月从13岁及以下儿童（90%）和13岁以上成年人（10%）中采集。从全血中分离血清后，对样本进行直接凝集试验（DAT）以检测抗抗体。从样本中制备了一系列1:10至1:800的稀释液。
1:800滴定结果表明，没有样本抗抗体呈阳性。二次筛查后，10例（1.98%）抗体滴度为1:100，4例（0.79%）抗体滴度为1:400。在14例有抗体的病例中，均为13岁以下儿童。根据临床检查结果，没有患者出现发热、体重减轻、脾肿大、肝肿大和恶病质，因此未表现出黑热病症状。
本研究结果表明，黑热病在沙赫鲁德县并不流行。
