Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Centro Universitário Cenecista de Osório, Osório, RS, Brazil.
J Bras Nefrol. 2023 Jul-Sep;45(3):318-325. doi: 10.1590/2175-8239-JBN-2022-0096en.
Reduced muscle strength and low-exercise capacity are well documented in adults, but there are few studies examining those impairments in children and adolescents after kidney transplantation. The objective of this study was to evaluate peripheral and respiratory muscle strength and the association with submaximal exercise capacity in children and adolescents after kidney transplant.
Forty-seven patients between six and 18 years of age clinically stable after transplantation were included. Peripheral muscle strength (isokinetic and hand-grip dynamometry), respiratory muscle strength (maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure), and submaximal exercise capacity (six-minute walk test - 6MWT) were assessed.
Patients had a mean age of 13.1 ± 2.7 years and an average of 34 months had elapsed since the transplantation. Flexors of the knee showed a significant reduction in muscle strength (77.3% of predicted) and knee extensors had normal values (105.4% of predicted). Hand-grip strength and maximal respiratory pressures (inspiratory and expiratory) also were significantly lower than expected (p < 0.001). Although distance walked in the 6MWT was significantly lower than predicted (p < 0.001), no significant correlation was found with peripheral and respiratory muscle strength.
Children and adolescents after kidney transplantation have reduced peripheral muscle strength of knee flexors, hand-grip, and maximal respiratory pressures. No associations were found between peripheral and respiratory muscle strength and submaximal exercise capacity.
成人的肌肉力量减弱和运动能力低下已得到充分证实，但很少有研究检查儿童和青少年肾移植后的这些损伤。本研究的目的是评估儿童和青少年肾移植后的周围和呼吸肌肉力量，并探讨其与亚最大运动能力的关系。
纳入 47 例临床稳定的 6 至 18 岁肾移植后患者。评估外周肌肉力量（等速和握力测力计）、呼吸肌肉力量（最大吸气和呼气压力）以及亚最大运动能力（6 分钟步行测试-6MWT）。
患者的平均年龄为 13.1 ± 2.7 岁，自移植以来平均有 34 个月。膝关节屈肌的肌肉力量显著降低（预测值的 77.3%），而膝关节伸肌的肌肉力量正常（预测值的 105.4%）。握力和最大呼吸压力（吸气和呼气）也明显低于预期（p < 0.001）。尽管 6MWT 中的步行距离明显低于预期（p < 0.001），但与周围和呼吸肌肉力量之间未发现显著相关性。
肾移植后的儿童和青少年膝关节屈肌、握力和最大呼吸压力的外周肌肉力量减弱。周围和呼吸肌肉力量与亚最大运动能力之间未发现相关性。
