Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduacão em Ciências Fonoaudiológicas, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2023 Mar;81(3):253-262. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1763486. Epub 2023 Apr 14.
Cerebral changes occur in individuals with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy (HAM) and seem to predominate in subcortical areas. Little is known about the cognitive decline in the elderly living with HTLV-1.
To evaluate the cognitive aging of individuals infected with HTLV-1 aged ≥ 50 years.
This is a cross-sectional study of former blood donors infected with HTLV-1 who have been followed in the cohort of the Interdisciplinary Research Group on HTLV-1 since 1997. The groups of study consisted of 79 HTLV-1 infected individuals aged ≥ 50 years, with 41 of them presenting symptomatic HAM and 38 being asymptomatic carriers, and 59 seronegative individuals (controls) aged ≥ 60 years. All were submitted to the P300 electrophysiological test and neuropsychological tests.
Individuals with HAM presented delayed P300 latency in relation to the other groups, and this latency delay increased progressively with aging. The performance of this group in the neuropsychological tests was also the worst. The HTLV-1- asymptomatic group performance was similar to that of the control group.
Individuals with HAM presented cognitive decline that progressed with aging and, although HTLV-1-asymptomatic carriers appear to present cognitive aging similar to that of healthy elderly people, concern about a subclinical cognitive impairment is warranted in this population.
人类 T 细胞白血病病毒 1 型（HTLV-1）相关脊髓病（HAM）患者会出现脑部变化，且这些变化似乎主要出现在皮质下区域。目前对于感染 HTLV-1 的老年人认知能力下降的情况知之甚少。
评估感染 HTLV-1 且年龄≥50 岁的个体的认知衰老情况。
这是一项横断面研究，研究对象为自 1997 年以来一直在 HTLV-1 多学科研究小组的队列中接受随访的感染 HTLV-1 的前献血者。研究组由 79 名年龄≥50 岁的 HTLV-1 感染者组成，其中 41 名患有有症状的 HAM，38 名无症状携带者，59 名血清阴性个体（对照组）≥60 岁。所有个体均接受 P300 电生理测试和神经心理学测试。
与其他组相比，HAM 患者的 P300 潜伏期延迟，且这种潜伏期的延迟随年龄的增长而逐渐增加。该组在神经心理学测试中的表现也最差。HTLV-1 无症状携带者的表现与对照组相似。
HAM 患者存在认知能力下降，且这种下降随年龄增长而进展。尽管 HTLV-1 无症状携带者的认知衰老似乎与健康老年人相似，但仍需要关注该人群的亚临床认知障碍。
