Center for Research and Practice in Cultural Continuity, Faculty of "Artes Liberales", University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
Am J Biol Anthropol. 2023 Jul;181(3):364-378. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.24745. Epub 2023 Apr 15.
The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that ethnic and ethnolinguistic discrimination, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) related to being Indigenous as well as different aspects of acculturative stress, are associated with poorer health and higher levels of depression among the Nahua Indigenous communities.
Our quantitative survey was carried out in four different regions inhabited by the Nahua people in Mexico. Self-rated health and depression, the symptoms of PTSD, two facets of acculturative stress and ethnolinguistic discrimination were assessed by questionnaires. The data were analyzed using binary logistic regression models.
The symptoms of PTSD and acculturative stress experienced in the workplace were significantly associated with a higher risk of poor self-rated health, adjusted for various socio-demographic characteristics. Acculturative stress, discouragement of language use, language avoidance and ethnolinguistic discrimination were related to a higher risk of depression and PTSD.
Our research implies that ethnic and linguistic discrimination, acculturative stress and the memory of harm linked to being Indigenous reflected in the symptoms of PTSD, are important predictors of poorer health and depression among Nahua groups in Mexico. These adverse effects could be significantly counteracted by effective dealing with stigmatization and discrimination against Indigenous people in Mexico and by replacing strong assimilation pressures with integrational approaches that respect ethnolinguistic diversity and reduce socioeconomic marginalization.
本研究旨在检验以下假设，即民族和语言歧视、与作为原住民相关的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）以及与文化适应压力的不同方面有关的因素，与纳瓦特尔原住民社区的健康状况较差和抑郁程度较高有关。
我们的定量调查在墨西哥四个不同的纳瓦特尔人居住地区进行。通过问卷评估自我评估的健康和抑郁、PTSD 的症状、文化适应压力的两个方面以及语言歧视。使用二元逻辑回归模型分析数据。
调整了各种社会人口特征后，PTSD 的症状和工作场所的文化适应压力与自我评估健康状况较差的风险增加显著相关。文化适应压力、语言使用受挫、语言回避和语言歧视与抑郁和 PTSD 的风险增加有关。
我们的研究表明，民族和语言歧视、文化适应压力以及与作为原住民相关的伤害记忆反映在 PTSD 的症状中，是墨西哥纳瓦特尔族群健康状况较差和抑郁的重要预测因素。这些不利影响可以通过有效应对墨西哥对原住民的污名化和歧视以及通过用尊重语言多样性和减少社会经济边缘化的整合方法来取代强烈的同化压力来显著抵消。
