Huang Liyan, Xu Tianrong, Goh Hong Ching, Said Rosli, Song Hui, Zhang Xinyu
Centre for Sustainable Urban Planning & Real Estate (SUPRE), Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
School of Management, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 234000, China.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Jul 17;25(1):2483. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-23652-w.
The mental health of migrants living in the post-migration urban environment poses a significant public health challenge in both developed and developing economies. Few empirical studies attempted to disentangle the influence pathways that acculturation might produce the link between the residential environment and health effects.
Data from 385 migrants was collected using a multi-stage stratified sampling method from 25 communities in Yiwu, China. We used a multi-level regression model and conditional process analysis to examine the health effects of the perceived neighbourhood environment and influence pathways of acculturation.
The results found that participants' mental health was moderate (mean = 15.9 out of 24). Migrants residing in relocation neighbourhoods and factory dormitories exhibit significantly lower mental health. The neighbourhood effects of migrant-dominated, local-dominated, and mixed residential neighbourhoods contribute positively to migrants' mental health. Neighbourhood physical environment positively affects mental health, whereas the neighbourhood social environment negatively affects mental health. Moreover, EGS (β=-0.04, BootLLCI=-0.096, BootULCI=-0.002) and NSC (β=-0.038, BootLLCI=-0.081, BootULCI=-0.007) impact migrants' mental health through the mechanism of acculturative stress. Migrants in the assimilation group experienced reduced acculturative stress as the NFA (β=-0.377, p = 0.035) improved. In contrast, those in the separation group faced increased acculturative stress as the improvements of NFA (β = 0.392, p = 0.05) and EGS (β = 0.809, p = 0.027).
These findings suggest that future public health intervention strategies should be considered for improved neighbourhood environments, promoted residential integration, alleviated acculturative stress and prioritised acculturation strategies to enhance rural migrants' mental health.
在发达经济体和发展中经济体中，生活在移民后城市环境中的移民心理健康构成了重大的公共卫生挑战。很少有实证研究试图厘清文化适应可能在居住环境与健康影响之间产生联系的影响途径。
采用多阶段分层抽样方法，从中国义乌的25个社区收集了385名移民的数据。我们使用多层次回归模型和条件过程分析来检验感知邻里环境对健康的影响以及文化适应的影响途径。
结果发现参与者的心理健康状况中等（24分制下平均分为15.9分）。居住在回迁社区和工厂宿舍的移民心理健康水平显著较低。移民主导型、本地主导型和混合居住型邻里社区的邻里效应均对移民心理健康有积极贡献。邻里物理环境对心理健康有积极影响，而邻里社会环境对心理健康有消极影响。此外，民族认同感（β=-0.04，BootLLCI=-0.096，BootULCI=-0.002）和民族疏离感（β=-0.038，BootLLCI=-0.081，BootULCI=-0.007）通过文化适应压力机制影响移民心理健康。同化组的移民随着民族融合态度（β=-0.377，p=0.035）的改善，文化适应压力减轻。相比之下，分离组的移民随着民族融合态度（β=0.392，p=0.05）和民族认同感（β=0.809，p=0.027）的改善，文化适应压力增加。
这些研究结果表明，未来的公共卫生干预策略应考虑改善邻里环境、促进居住融合、减轻文化适应压力并优先考虑文化适应策略，以增强农民工的心理健康。
