Department of Agriculture, Minab Higher Education Center, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran; Plant Protection Research Group, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Department of Agriculture, Minab Higher Education Center, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran; Research Group of Agroecology in Dryland Areas, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2023 May;95:106404. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106404. Epub 2023 Apr 10.
Seed decay is a major problem caused by pathogens that adversely affect seed yield and quality in agricultural production. Herein, the effect of 28 KHz ultrasound treatment for 20, 40 and 60 min and 1.5% sodium hypochlorite solution for 20 min was assessed for the decontamination of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) seeds. In addition, seed germination indices, seedling growth traits, total phenolic content and the activity of defense-related enzymes, viz. peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase and malondialdehyde were measured in the treated seeds. An isolate of Fusarium solani was obtained from roselle seeds and identified as the causal agent of roselle seed rot based on morphological and molecular characteristics. After six days of seed storage, the microbial infection caused the highest seed rot in the control seeds on the average of 56.67%, whereas ultrasound treatment for 60 min could remarkably reduce the seed decay by 3.33%. At the end of seed storage, the fungal load showed the highest (7.72 Log CFU ml) and lowest (6.99 Log CFU ml) rates in the control and ultrasound treatment for 60 min, respectively. Total phenolic content was significantly increased in ultrasound treatment for 60 min compared to control and sodium hypochlorite treatments. Moreover, the activity of peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase was noticeably improved in ultrasound treatment for 60 min. Furthermore, ultrasound treatment did not show any adverse effects on seed germination indices and seedling growth traits of the roselle plants. Overall, ultrasound treatment for 60 min could effectively decrease roselle seed decay and the fungal load without changing seed and seedling quality.
种子腐烂是由病原体引起的一个主要问题，它会对农业生产中的种子产量和质量产生不利影响。在此，评估了 28 kHz 超声波处理 20、40 和 60 分钟和 1.5%次氯酸钠溶液处理 20 分钟对玫瑰茄（Hibiscus sabdariffa L.）种子消毒的效果。此外，还测量了处理过的种子的发芽指数、幼苗生长特性、总酚含量和防御相关酶的活性，即过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和丙二醛。从玫瑰茄种子中分离得到一种尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium solani），并根据形态和分子特征将其鉴定为玫瑰茄种子腐烂的病原体。种子贮藏 6 天后，对照种子的微生物感染导致平均 56.67%的种子腐烂，而超声处理 60 分钟可显著降低 3.33%的种子腐烂。在种子贮藏结束时，对照和超声处理 60 分钟的真菌负荷分别显示最高（7.72 Log CFU ml）和最低（6.99 Log CFU ml）。与对照和次氯酸钠处理相比，超声处理 60 分钟可显著增加总酚含量。此外，超声处理 60 分钟可明显提高过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶的活性。此外，超声处理对玫瑰茄种子发芽指数和幼苗生长特性没有显示出任何不良影响。总的来说，超声处理 60 分钟可以有效地减少玫瑰茄种子腐烂和真菌负荷，而不改变种子和幼苗的质量。
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